6 @EXPORT = qw(conv_i conv_date conv_dateq do_query selectrow_query do_statement
7 dump_query quote_db_date
8 selectfirst_hashref_query selectfirst_array_query
9 selectall_hashref_query selectall_array_query
11 prepare_execute_query prepare_query
15 my ($value, $default) = @_;
16 return (defined($value) && "$value" ne "") ? $value * 1 : $default;
21 return (defined($value) && "$value" ne "") ? $value : undef;
26 if (defined($value) && "$value" ne "") {
27 $value =~ s/\'/\'\'/g;
34 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
36 my ($form, $dbh, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
38 dump_query(LXDebug::QUERY, '', $query, @_);
40 if (0 == scalar(@_)) {
41 $dbh->do($query) || $form->dberror($query);
43 $dbh->do($query, undef, @_) ||
44 $form->dberror($query . " (" . join(", ", @_) . ")");
47 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
50 sub selectrow_query { &selectfirst_array_query }
53 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
55 my ($form, $sth, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
57 dump_query(LXDebug::QUERY, '', $query, @_);
59 if (0 == scalar(@_)) {
60 $sth->execute() || $form->dberror($query);
62 $sth->execute(@_) || $form->dberror($query . " (" . join(", ", @_) . ")");
65 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
69 my ($level, $msg, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
71 my $filename = $self_filename = 'SL/DBUtils.pm';
73 while ($filename eq $self_filename) {
74 (undef, $filename, $line, $subroutine) = caller $caller_level++;
77 while ($query =~ /\?/) {
78 my $value = shift(@_);
79 $value =~ s/\'/\\\'/g;
80 $value = "'${value}'";
81 $query =~ s/\?/$value/;
84 $query =~ s/[\n\s]+/ /g;
86 $msg .= " " if ($msg);
88 my $info = "$subroutine called from $filename:$line\n";
90 $main::lxdebug->message($level, $info . $msg . $query);
96 return "NULL" unless defined $str;
97 return "current_date" if $str =~ /current_date/;
104 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
106 my ($form, $dbh, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
108 dump_query(LXDebug::QUERY, '', $query, @_);
110 my $sth = $dbh->prepare($query) || $form->dberror($query);
112 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
117 sub prepare_execute_query {
118 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
120 my ($form, $dbh, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
122 dump_query(LXDebug::QUERY, '', $query, @_);
124 my $sth = $dbh->prepare($query) || $form->dberror($query);
125 if (scalar(@_) != 0) {
126 $sth->execute(@_) || $form->dberror($query . " (" . join(", ", @_) . ")");
128 $sth->execute() || $form->dberror($query);
131 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
136 sub selectall_hashref_query {
137 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
139 my ($form, $dbh, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
141 my $sth = prepare_execute_query($form, $dbh, $query, @_);
143 while (my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref()) {
144 push(@{ $result }, $ref);
148 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
150 return wantarray ? @{ $result } : $result;
153 sub selectall_array_query {
154 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
156 my ($form, $dbh, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
158 my $sth = prepare_execute_query($form, $dbh, $query, @_);
160 while (my ($value) = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {
161 push(@result, $value);
165 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
170 sub selectfirst_hashref_query {
171 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
173 my ($form, $dbh, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
175 my $sth = prepare_execute_query($form, $dbh, $query, @_);
176 my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref();
179 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
184 sub selectfirst_array_query {
185 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
187 my ($form, $dbh, $query) = splice(@_, 0, 3);
189 my $sth = prepare_execute_query($form, $dbh, $query, @_);
190 my @ret = $sth->fetchrow_array();
193 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
198 sub selectall_as_map {
199 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
201 my ($form, $dbh, $query, $key_col, $value_col) = splice(@_, 0, 5);
203 my $sth = prepare_execute_query($form, $dbh, $query, @_);
206 if ('' eq ref $value_col) {
207 while (my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref()) {
208 $hash{$ref->{$key_col}} = $ref->{$value_col};
211 while (my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref()) {
212 $hash{$ref->{$key_col}} = { map { $_ => $ref->{$_} } @{ $value_col } };
218 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
223 sub create_sort_spec {
224 $main::lxdebug->enter_sub(2);
229 $params{defs} || die;
230 $params{default} || die;
232 # The definition of valid columns to sort by.
233 my $defs = $params{defs};
235 # The column name to sort by. Use the default column name if none was given.
236 my %result = ( 'column' => $params{column} || $params{default} );
238 # Overwrite the column name with the default column name if the other one is not valid.
239 $result{column} = $params{default} unless ($defs->{ $result{column} });
241 # The sort direction. true means 'sort ascending', false means 'sort descending'.
242 $result{dir} = defined $params{dir} ? $params{dir}
243 : defined $params{default_dir} ? $params{default_dir}
245 $result{dir} = $result{dir} ? 1 : 0;
246 my $asc_desc = $result{dir} ? 'ASC' : 'DESC';
248 # Create the SQL code.
249 my $cols = $defs->{ $result{column} };
250 $result{sql} = join ', ', map { "${_} ${asc_desc}" } @{ ref $cols eq 'ARRAY' ? $cols : [ $cols ] };
252 $main::lxdebug->leave_sub(2);
264 SL::DBUTils.pm: All about Databaseconections in Lx
270 conv_i($str, $default)
275 do_query($form, $dbh, $query)
276 do_statement($form, $sth, $query)
278 dump_query($level, $msg, $query)
279 prepare_execute_query($form, $dbh, $query)
281 my $all_results_ref = selectall_hashref_query($form, $dbh, $query)
282 my $first_result_hash_ref = selectfirst_hashref_query($form, $dbh, $query);
284 my @first_result = selectfirst_array_query($form, $dbh, $query); # ==
285 my @first_result = selectrow_query($form, $dbh, $query);
287 my %sort_spec = create_sort_spec(%params);
291 DBUtils is the attempt to reduce the amount of overhead it takes to retrieve information from the database in Lx-Office. Previously it would take about 15 lines of code just to get one single integer out of the database, including failure procedures and importing the necessary packages. Debugging would take even more.
293 Using DBUtils most database procedures can be reduced to defining the query, executing it, and retrieving the result. Let DBUtils handle the rest. Whenever there is a database operation not covered in DBUtils, add it here, rather than working around it in the backend code.
295 DBUtils relies heavily on two parameters which have to be passed to almost every function: $form and $dbh.
296 - $form is used for error handling only. It can be omitted in theory, but should not.
297 - $dbh is a handle to the databe, as returned by the DBI::connect routine. If you don't have an active connectiong, you can query $form->get_standard_dbh() to get a generic no_auto connection. Don't forget to commit in this case!
300 Every function here should accomplish the follwing things:
301 - Easy debugging. Every handled query gets dumped via LXDebug, if specified there.
302 - Safe value binding. Although DBI is far from perfect in terms of binding, the rest of the bindings should happen here.
303 - Error handling. Should a query fail, an error message will be generated here instead of in the backend code invoking DBUtils.
305 Note that binding is not perfect here either...
307 =head2 QUOTING FUNCTIONS
313 =item conv_i STR,DEFAULT
315 Converts STR to an integer. If STR is empty, returns DEFAULT. If no DEFAULT is given, returns undef.
319 Converts STR to a date string. If STR is emptry, returns undef.
323 Database version of conv_date. Quotes STR before returning. Returns 'NULL' if STR is empty.
325 =item quote_db_date STR
327 Treats STR as a database date, quoting it. If STR equals current_date returns an escaped version which is treated as the current date by Postgres.
328 Returns 'NULL' if STR is empty.
332 =head2 QUERY FUNCTIONS
336 =item do_query FORM,DBH,QUERY,ARRAY
338 Uses DBI::do to execute QUERY on DBH using ARRAY for binding values. FORM is only needed for error handling, but should always be passed nevertheless. Use this for insertions or updates that don't need to be prepared.
340 =item do_statement FORM,STH,QUERY,ARRAY
342 Uses DBI::execute to execute QUERY on DBH using ARRAY for binding values. As with do_query, FORM is only used for error handling. If you are unsure what to use, refer to the documentation of DBI::do and DBI::execute.
344 =item prepare_execute_query FORM,DBH,QUERY,ARRAY
346 Prepares and executes QUERY on DBH using DBI::prepare and DBI::execute. ARRAY is passed as binding values to execute.
350 =head2 RETRIEVAL FUNCTIONS
354 =item selectfirst_array_query FORM,DBH,QUERY,ARRAY
356 =item selectrow_query FORM,DBH,QUERY,ARRAY
358 Prepares and executes a query using DBUtils functions, retireves the first row from the database, and returns it as an arrayref of the first row.
360 =item selectfirst_hashref_query FORM,DBH,QUERY,ARRAY
362 Prepares and executes a query using DBUtils functions, retireves the first row from the database, and returns it as a hashref of the first row.
364 =item selectall_hashref_query FORM,DBH,QUERY,ARRAY
366 Prepares and executes a query using DBUtils functions, retireves all data from the database, and returns it in hashref mode. This is slightly confusing, as the data structure will actually be a reference to an array, containing hashrefs for each row.
368 =item selectall_as_map FORM,DBH,QUERY,KEY_COL,VALUE_COL,ARRAY
370 Prepares and executes a query using DBUtils functions, retireves all data from the database, and creates a hash from the results using KEY_COL as the column for the hash keys and VALUE_COL for its values.
374 =head2 UTILITY FUNCTIONS
378 =item create_sort_spec
381 defs => { }, # mandatory
382 default => 'name', # mandatory
392 This function simplifies the creation of SQL code for sorting
393 columns. It uses a hashref of valid column names, the column name and
394 direction requested by the user, the application defaults for the
395 column name and the direction and returns the actual column name,
396 direction and SQL code that can be used directly in a query.
398 The parameter 'defs' is a hash reference. The keys are the column
399 names as they may come from the application. The values are either
400 scalars with SQL code or array references of SQL code. Example:
402 'defs' => { 'customername' => 'lower(customer.name)',
403 'address' => [ 'lower(customer.city)', 'lower(customer.street)' ], }
405 'default' is the default column name to sort by. It must be a key of
406 'defs' and should not be come from user input.
408 The 'column' parameter is the column name as requested by the
409 application (e.g. if the user clicked on a column header in a
410 report). If it is invalid then the 'default' parameter will be used
413 'default_dir' is the default sort direction. A true value means 'sort
414 ascending', a false one 'sort descending'. 'default_dir' defaults to
417 The 'dir' parameter is the sort direction as requested by the
418 application (e.g. if the user clicked on a column header in a
419 report). If it is undefined then the 'default_dir' parameter will be
424 =head2 DEBUG FUNCTIONS
428 =item dump_query LEVEL,MSG,QUERY,ARRAY
430 Dumps a query using LXDebug->message, using LEVEL for the debug-level of LXDebug. If MSG is given, it preceeds the QUERY dump in the logfiles. ARRAY is used to interpolate the '?' placeholders in QUERY, the resulting QUERY can be copy-pasted into a database frontend for debugging. Note that this method is also automatically called by each of the other QUERY FUNCTIONS, so there is in general little need to invoke it manually.
438 =item Retrieving a whole table:
440 $query = qq|SELECT id, pricegroup FROM pricegroup|;
441 $form->{PRICEGROUPS} = selectall_hashref_query($form, $dbh, $query);
443 =item Retrieving a single value:
445 $query = qq|SELECT nextval('glid')|;
446 ($new_id) = selectrow_query($form, $dbh, $query);
448 =item Using binding values:
450 $query = qq|UPDATE ar SET paid = amount + paid, storno = 't' WHERE id = ?|;
451 do_query($form, $dbh, $query, $id);
453 =item A more complicated example, using dynamic binding values:
457 if ($form->{language_values} ne "") {
458 $query = qq|SELECT l.id, l.description, tr.translation, tr.longdescription
460 LEFT OUTER JOIN translation tr ON (tr.language_id = l.id) AND (tr.parts_id = ?)|;
461 @values = (conv_i($form->{id}));
463 $query = qq|SELECT id, description FROM language|;
466 my $languages = selectall_hashref_query($form, $dbh, $query, @values);
472 =head1 MODULE AUTHORS
474 Moritz Bunkus E<lt>m.bunkus@linet-services.deE<gt>
475 Sven Schoeling E<lt>s.schoeling@linet-services.deE<gt>
477 =head1 DOCUMENTATION AUTHORS
479 Udo Spallek E<lt>udono@gmx.netE<gt>
480 Sven Schoeling E<lt>s.schoeling@linet-services.deE<gt>
482 =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
484 Copyright 2007 by Lx-Office Community
486 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
487 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
488 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
489 (at your option) any later version.
491 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
492 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
493 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
494 GNU General Public License for more details.
495 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
496 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
497 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.