1 package SL::Helper::Csv;
9 use Params::Validate qw(:all);
10 use List::MoreUtils qw(all pairwise firstidx);
12 use Rose::Object::MakeMethods::Generic scalar => [ qw(
13 file encoding sep_char quote_char escape_char header profile
14 numberformat dateformat ignore_unknown_columns strict_profile is_multiplexed
15 _row_header _io _csv _objects _parsed _data _errors all_cvar_configs case_insensitive_header
16 _multiplex_datatype_position
19 use SL::Helper::Csv::Dispatcher;
20 use SL::Helper::Csv::Error;
26 my %params = validate(@_, {
27 sep_char => { default => ';' },
28 quote_char => { default => '"' },
29 escape_char => { default => '"' },
30 header => { type => ARRAYREF, optional => 1 },
31 profile => { type => ARRAYREF, optional => 1 },
36 ignore_unknown_columns => 0,
38 case_insensitive_header => 0,
40 my $self = bless {}, $class;
42 $self->$_($params{$_}) for keys %params;
44 $self->_io(IO::File->new);
45 $self->_csv(Text::CSV_XS->new({
47 sep_char => $self->sep_char,
48 quote_char => $self->quote_char,
49 escape_char => $self->escape_char,
58 my ($self, %params) = @_;
61 return if ! $self->_check_multiplexed;
62 return if ! $self->_check_header;
63 return if ! $self->_check_multiplex_datatype_position;
64 return if ! $self->dispatcher->parse_profile;
65 return if ! $self->_parse_data;
76 my ($self, %params) = @_;
77 croak 'must parse first' unless $self->_parsed;
79 $self->_make_objects unless $self->_objects;
80 return $self->_objects;
94 my ($self, %params) = @_;
96 $self->encoding($self->_guess_encoding) if !$self->encoding;
98 $self->_io->open($self->file, '<' . $self->_encode_layer)
99 or die "could not open file " . $self->file;
104 # check, if data is multiplexed and if all nessesary infos are given
105 sub _check_multiplexed {
106 my ($self, %params) = @_;
108 $self->is_multiplexed(0);
110 # If more than one profile is given, it is multiplexed.
111 if ($self->profile) {
112 my @profile = @{ $self->profile };
113 if (scalar @profile > 1) {
114 # Each profile needs a class and a row_ident
115 my $info_ok = all { defined $_->{class} && defined $_->{row_ident} } @profile;
118 "missing class or row_ident in one of the profiles for multiplexed data",
122 # If header is given, there needs to be a header for each profile
123 # and no empty headers.
124 if ($info_ok && $self->header) {
125 my @header = @{ $self->header };
126 my $t_ok = scalar @profile == scalar @header;
129 "number of headers and number of profiles must be the same for multiplexed data",
132 $info_ok = $info_ok && $t_ok;
134 $t_ok = all { scalar @$_ > 0} @header;
137 "no empty headers are allowed for multiplexed data",
140 $info_ok = $info_ok && $t_ok;
142 $self->is_multiplexed($info_ok);
147 # ok, if not multiplexed
152 my ($self, %params) = @_;
155 $header = $self->header;
157 my $n_header = ($self->is_multiplexed)? scalar @{ $self->profile } : 1;
158 foreach my $p_num (0..$n_header - 1) {
159 my $h = $self->_csv->getline($self->_io);
161 my ($code, $string, $position, $record, $field) = $self->_csv->error_diag;
164 $self->_csv->error_input,
165 $code, $string, $position, $record // 0,
168 if ($self->is_multiplexed) {
169 push @{ $header }, $h;
176 # Special case: utf8 BOM.
177 # certain software (namely MS Office and notepad.exe insist on prefixing
178 # data with a discouraged but valid byte order mark
179 # if not removed, the first header field will not be recognized
181 my $h = ($self->is_multiplexed)? $header->[0] : $header;
183 if ($h && $h->[0] && $self->encoding =~ /utf-?8/i) {
184 $h->[0] =~ s/^\x{FEFF}//;
188 # check, if all header fields are parsed well
189 if ($self->is_multiplexed) {
190 return unless $header && all { $_ } @$header;
192 return unless $header;
195 # Special case: human stupidity
196 # people insist that case sensitivity doesn't exist and try to enter all
197 # sorts of stuff. at this point we've got a profile (with keys that represent
198 # valid methods), and a header full of strings. if two of them match, the user
199 # most likely meant that field, so rewrite the header
200 if ($self->case_insensitive_header) {
201 die 'case_insensitive_header is only possible with profile' unless $self->profile;
203 my $h_aref = ($self->is_multiplexed)? $header : [ $header ];
205 foreach my $h (@{ $h_aref }) {
207 (map { $_ => $_ } keys %{ $self->profile->[$p_num]->{profile} || {} }),
208 (map { $_ => $self->profile->[$p_num]{mapping}{$_} } keys %{ $self->profile->[$p_num]->{mapping} || {} }),
210 for my $name (keys %names) {
211 for my $i (0..$#$h) {
212 $h->[$i] = $names{$name} if lc $h->[$i] eq lc $name;
220 return $self->header($header);
223 sub _check_multiplex_datatype_position {
226 return 1 if !$self->is_multiplexed; # ok if not multiplexed
228 my @positions = map { firstidx { 'datatype' eq lc($_) } @{ $_ } } @{ $self->header };
229 my $first_pos = $positions[0];
230 if (all { $first_pos == $_ } @positions) {
231 $self->_multiplex_datatype_position($first_pos);
234 $self->_push_error([0,
235 "datatype field must be at the same position for all datatypes for multiplexed data",
243 return !!all { !$_ } @{$_[0]};
247 my ($self, %params) = @_;
251 my $row = $self->_csv->getline($self->_io);
253 next if _is_empty_row($row);
254 my $header = $self->_header_by_row($row);
258 "Cannot get header for row. Maybe row name and datatype field not matching.",
264 @hr{@{ $header }} = @$row;
267 last if $self->_csv->eof;
269 # Text::CSV_XS 0.89 added record number to error_diag
270 my ($code, $string, $position, $record, $field) = $self->_csv->error_diag;
273 $self->_csv->error_input,
274 $code, $string, $position,
275 $record // $self->_io->input_line_number,
278 last if $self->_csv->eof;
281 $self->_data(\@data);
282 $self->_push_error(@errors);
288 my ($self, $row) = @_;
290 # initialize lookup hash if not already done
291 if ($self->is_multiplexed && ! defined $self->_row_header ) {
292 $self->_row_header({ pairwise { no warnings 'once'; $a->{row_ident} => $b } @{ $self->profile }, @{ $self->header } });
295 if ($self->is_multiplexed) {
296 return $self->_row_header->{$row->[$self->_multiplex_datatype_position]}
298 return $self->header;
303 ':encoding(' . $_[0]->encoding . ')';
307 my ($self, %params) = @_;
310 local $::myconfig{numberformat} = $self->numberformat if $self->numberformat;
311 local $::myconfig{dateformat} = $self->dateformat if $self->dateformat;
313 for my $line (@{ $self->_data }) {
314 my $tmp_obj = $self->dispatcher->dispatch($line);
315 push @objs, $tmp_obj;
318 $self->_objects(\@objs);
322 my ($self, %params) = @_;
324 $self->{_dispatcher} ||= $self->_make_dispatcher;
327 sub _make_dispatcher {
328 my ($self, %params) = @_;
330 die 'need a header to make a dispatcher' unless $self->header;
332 return SL::Helper::Csv::Dispatcher->new($self);
335 sub _guess_encoding {
341 my ($self, @errors) = @_;
342 my @new_errors = ($self->errors, map { SL::Helper::Csv::Error->new(@$_) } @errors);
343 $self->_errors(\@new_errors);
347 $_[0]->dispatcher->_specs
358 SL::Helper::Csv - take care of csv file uploads
364 my $csv = SL::Helper::Csv->new(
365 file => \$::form->{upload_file},
366 encoding => 'utf-8', # undef means utf8
367 sep_char => ',', # default ';'
368 quote_char => '\'', # default '"'
369 escape_char => '"', # default '"'
370 header => [ qw(id text sellprice word) ], # see later
371 profile => [ { profile => { sellprice => 'sellprice_as_number'},
372 class => 'SL::DB::Part' } ],
375 my $status = $csv->parse;
376 my $hrefs = $csv->get_data;
377 my $objects = $csv->get_objects;
379 my @errors = $csv->errors;
385 Text::CSV already offers good functions to get lines out of a csv file, but in
386 most cases you will want those lines to be parsed into hashes or even objects,
387 so this model just skips ahead and gives you objects.
389 Its basic assumptions are:
393 =item You do know what you expect to be in that csv file.
395 This means first and foremost that you have knowledge about encoding, number and
396 date format, csv parameters such as quoting and separation characters. You also
397 know what content will be in that csv and what L<Rose::DB> is responsible for
398 it. You provide valid header columns and their mapping to the objects.
400 =item You do NOT know if the csv provider yields to your expectations.
402 Stuff that does not work with what you expect should not crash anything, but
403 give you a hint what went wrong. As a result, if you remember to check for
404 errors after each step, you should be fine.
406 =item Data does not make sense. It's just data.
408 Almost all data imports have some type of constraints. Some data needs to be
409 unique, other data needs to be connected to existing data sets. This will not
410 happen here. You will receive a plain mapping of the data into the class tree,
415 This module can handle multiplexed data of different class types. In that case
416 multiple profiles with classes and row identifiers must be given. Multiple
417 headers may also be given or read from csv data. Data must contain the row
418 identifier in the column named 'datatype'.
428 Standard constructor. You can use this to set most of the data.
432 Do the actual work. Will return true ($self actually) if success, undef if not.
436 Parse the data into objects and return those.
438 This method will return an arrayref of all objects.
442 Returns an arrayref of the raw lines as hashrefs.
446 Return all errors that came up during parsing. See error handling for detailed
457 The file which contents are to be read. Can be a name of a physical file or a
458 scalar ref for memory data.
462 Encoding of the CSV file. Note that this module does not do any encoding
463 guessing. Know what your data is. Defaults to utf-8.
471 Same as in L<Text::CSV>
473 =item C<header> \@HEADERS
475 If given, it contains an ARRAY of the header fields for not multiplexed data.
476 Or an ARRAYREF for each different class type for multiplexed data. These
477 ARRAYREFS are the header fields which are an array of columns. In this case
478 the first lines are not used as a header. Empty header fields will be ignored
481 If not given, headers are taken from the first n lines of data, where n is the
482 number of different class types.
484 In case of multiplexed data there must be a column named 'datatype'. This
485 column must be given in each header and must be at the same position in each
490 classic data of one type:
491 [ 'name', 'street', 'zipcode', 'city' ]
493 multiplexed data with two different types:
494 [ [ 'datatype', 'ordernumber', 'customer', 'transdate' ],
495 [ 'datatype', 'partnumber', 'qty', 'sellprice' ] ]
497 =item C<profile> PROFILE_DATA
499 The profile mapping csv to the objects.
501 See section L</PROFILE> for information on this topic.
503 =item C<ignore_unknown_columns>
505 If set, the import will ignore unknown header columns. Useful for lazy imports,
506 but deactivated by default.
508 =item C<case_insensitive_header>
510 If set, header columns will be matched against profile entries case
511 insensitive, and on match the profile name will be taken.
513 Only works if a profile is given, will die otherwise.
515 If both C<case_insensitive_header> and C<strict_profile> is set, matched header
516 columns will be accepted.
518 =item C<strict_profile>
520 If set, all columns to be parsed must be specified in C<profile>. Every header
521 field not listed there will be treated like an unknown column.
523 If both C<case_insensitive_header> and C<strict_profile> is set, matched header
524 columns will be accepted.
530 The profile is needed for mapping csv data to the accessors in the data object.
532 The basic structure is:
534 PROFILE := [ CLASS_PROFILE, CLASS_PROFILE* ]
536 profile => { ACCESSORS+ },
538 row_ident => $row_ident,
539 mapping => { MAPPINGS* },
541 ACCESSORS := $field => $accessor
542 MAPPINGS := $alias => $field
544 The C<ACCESSORS> may be used to map header fields to custom
548 listprice => 'listprice_as_number',
551 In this case C<listprice_as_number> will be used to store the values from the
554 In case of a One-To-One relationship these can also be set over
555 relationships by separating the steps with a dot (C<.>). This will work:
557 customer => 'customer.name',
559 And will result in something like this:
561 $obj->customer($obj->meta->relationship('customer')->class->new);
562 $obj->customer->name($csv_line->{customer})
564 Beware, this will not try to look up anything in the database! You will
565 simply receive objects that represent what the profile defined. If some of
566 these information are unique, or should be connected to preexisting data, you
567 will have to do that for yourself. Since you provided the profile, it is
568 assumed you know what to do in this case.
570 If no profile is given, any header field found will be taken as is.
572 If the path in a profile entry is empty, the field will be subjected to
573 C<strict_profile> and C<case_insensitive_header> checking and will be parsed
574 into C<get_data>, but will not be attempted to be dispatched into objects.
576 C<class> must be present. A new instance will be created for each line before
579 C<row_ident> is used to determine the correct profile in multiplexed data and
580 must be given there. It's not used in non-multiplexed data.
582 If C<mappings> is present, it must contain a hashref that maps strings to known
583 fields. This can be used to add custom profiles for known sources, that don't
584 comply with the expected header identities.
586 Without strict profiles, mappings can also directly map header fields that
587 should end up in the same accessor.
589 With case insensitive headings, mappings will also modify the headers, to fit
590 the expected profile.
592 Mappings can be identical to known fields and will be prefered during lookup,
593 but will not replace the field, meaning that:
597 description => 'description',
600 name => 'description',
604 will work as expected, and shortname will not end up in description. This also
605 works with the case insensitive option. Note however that the case insensitive
606 option will not enable true unicode collating.
609 Here's a full example:
613 class => 'SL::DB::Order',
617 class => 'SL::DB::OrderItem',
619 profile => { sellprice => 'sellprice_as_number' },
620 mapping => { 'Verkaufspreis' => 'sellprice' }
624 =head1 ERROR HANDLING
626 After parsing a file all errors will be accumulated into C<errors>.
627 Each entry is an object with the following attributes:
629 raw_input: offending raw input,
630 code: Text::CSV error code if Text:CSV signalled an error, 0 else,
631 diag: error diagnostics,
632 line: position in line,
633 col: estimated line in file,
635 Note that the last entry can be off, but will give an estimate.
637 Error handling is also known to break on new Perl versions and need to be
638 adjusted from time to time due to changes in Text::CSV_XS.
646 sep_char, quote_char, and escape_char are passed to Text::CSV on creation.
647 Changing them later has no effect currently.
651 Encoding errors are not dealt with properly.
657 Dispatch to child objects, like this:
659 $csv = SL::Helper::Csv->new(
672 class => SL::DB::Part,
678 Sven Schöling E<lt>s.schoeling@linet-services.deE<gt>