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3 <title>4.4. Translations and languages</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1-RC2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="kivitendo 3.0.0: Installation, Konfiguration, Entwicklung"><link rel="up" href="ch04.html" title="Kapitel 4. Entwicklerdokumentation"><link rel="prev" href="ch04s03.html" title="4.3. SQL-Upgradedateien"><link rel="next" href="ch04s05.html" title="4.5. Die kivitendo-Test-Suite"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">4.4. Translations and languages</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch04s03.html">Zurück</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Kapitel 4. Entwicklerdokumentation</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch04s05.html">Weiter</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="sect1" title="4.4. Translations and languages"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="translations-languages"></a>4.4. Translations and languages</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="4.4.1. Introduction"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="translations-languages.introduction"></a>4.4.1. Introduction</h3></div></div></div><div class="note" title="Anmerkung" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Anmerkung]" src="system/docbook-xsl/images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Anmerkung</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Dieser Abschnitt ist in Englisch geschrieben, um
4 internationalen Übersetzern die Arbeit zu erleichtern.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>This section describes how localization packages in kivitendo
5 are built. Currently the only language fully supported is German, and
6 since most of the internal messages are held in English the English
7 version is usable too.</p><p>A stub version of French is included but not functunal at this
8 point.</p></div><div class="sect2" title="4.4.2. File structure"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="translations-languages.file-structure"></a>4.4.2. File structure</h3></div></div></div><p>The structure of locales in kivitendo is:</p><pre class="programlisting">kivitendo/locale/<langcode>/</pre><p>where <langcode> stands for an abbreviation of the
9 language package. The builtin packages use two letter <a class="ulink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639-1" target="_top">ISO 639-1</a> codes,
10 but the actual name is not relevant for the program and can easily be
11 extended to <a class="ulink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag" target="_top">IETF language
12 tags</a> (i.e. "en_GB"). In fact the original language packages
13 from SQL Ledger are named in this way.</p><p>In such a language directory the following files are
14 recognized:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">LANGUAGE</span></dt><dd><p>This file is mandatory.</p><p>The <code class="filename">LANGUAGE</code> file contains the self
15 descripted name of the language. It should contain a native
16 representation first, and in parenthesis an english translation
17 after that. Example:</p><pre class="programlisting">Deutsch (German)</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">charset</span></dt><dd><p>This file should be present.</p><p>The <code class="filename">charset</code> file describes which
18 charset a language package is written in and applies to all
19 other language files in the package. It is possible to write
20 some language packages without an explicit charset, but it is
21 still strongly recommended. You'll never know in what
22 environment your language package will be used, and neither
23 UTF-8 nor Latin1 are guaranteed.</p><p>The whole content of this file is a string that can be
24 recognized as a valid charset encoding. Example:</p><pre class="programlisting">UTF-8</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">all</span></dt><dd><p>This file is mandatory.</p><p>The central translation file. It is essentially an inline
25 Perl script autogenerated by <span class="command"><strong>locales.pl</strong></span>. To
26 generate it, generate the directory and the two files mentioned
27 above, and execute the following command:</p><pre class="programlisting">scripts/locales.pl <langcode></pre><p>Otherwise you can simply copy one of the other languages.
28 You will be told how many are missing like this:</p><pre class="programlisting">$ scripts/locales.pl en
29 English - 0.6% - 2015/2028 missing</pre><p>A file named "<code class="filename">missing</code>" will be
30 generated and can be edited. You can also edit the
31 "<code class="filename">all</code>" file directly. Edit everything you
32 like to fit the target language and execute
33 <span class="command"><strong>locales.pl</strong></span> again. See how the missing words
34 get fewer.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Num2text</span></dt><dd><p>Legacy code from SQL Ledger. It provides a means for
35 numbers to be converted into natural language, like
36 <code class="literal">1523 => one thousand five hundred twenty
37 three</code>. If you want to provide it, it must be inlinable
38 Perl code which provides a <code class="function">num2text</code> sub. If
39 an <code class="function">init</code> sub exists it will be executed
40 first.</p><p>Only used in the check and receipt printing module.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">special_chars</span></dt><dd><p>kivitendo comes with a lot of interfaces to different
41 formats, some of which are rather picky with their accepted
42 charset. The <code class="filename">special_chars</code> file contains a
43 listing of chars not suited for different file format and
44 provides substitutions. It is written in "Simple Ini" style,
45 containing a block for every file format.</p><p>First entry should be the order of substitution for
46 entries as a whitespace separated list. All entries are
47 interpolated, so <code class="literal">\n</code>, <code class="literal">\x20</code>
48 and <code class="literal">\\</code> all work.</p><p>After that every entry is a special char that should be
49 translated when writing text into such a file.</p><p>Example:</p><pre class="programlisting">[Template/XML]
50 order=& < > \n
54 \n=<br></pre><p>Note the importance of the order in this example.
55 Substituting < and > befor & would lead to $gt; become
56 &amp;gt;</p><p>For a list of valid formats, see the German
57 <code class="filename">special_chars</code> entry. As of this writing the
58 following are recognized:</p><pre class="programlisting">HTML
64 filenames</pre><p>The last of which is very machine dependant. Remember that
65 a lot of characters are forbidden by some filesystems, for
66 exmaple MS Windows doesn't like ':' in its files where Linux
67 doesn't mind that. If you want the files created with your
68 language pack to be portable, find all chars that could cause
69 trouble.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">missing</span></dt><dd><p>This file is not a part of the language package
70 itself.</p><p>This is a file generated by
71 <span class="command"><strong>scripts/locales.pl</strong></span> while processing your
72 locales. It's only to have the missing entries singled out and
73 does not belong to a language package.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lost</span></dt><dd><p>This file is not a part of the language package
74 itself.</p><p>Another file generated by
75 <span class="command"><strong>scripts/locales.pl</strong></span>. If for any reason a
76 translation does not appear anymore and can be deleted, it gets
77 moved here. The last 50 or so entries deleted are saved here in
78 case you made a typo, so that you don't have to translate
79 everything again. If a tranlsation is missing, the lost file is
80 checked first. If you maintain a language package, you might
81 want to keep this safe somewhere.</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch04s03.html">Zurück</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch04.html">Nach oben</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch04s05.html">Weiter</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">4.3. SQL-Upgradedateien </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Zum Anfang</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 4.5. Die kivitendo-Test-Suite</td></tr></table></div></body></html>