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3 <title>4.5. Translations and languages</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1-RC2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="kivitendo 3.5.8: Installation, Konfiguration, Entwicklung"><link rel="up" href="ch04.html" title="Kapitel 4. Entwicklerdokumentation"><link rel="prev" href="ch04s04.html" title="4.4. SQL-Upgradedateien"><link rel="next" href="ch04s06.html" title="4.6. Die kivitendo-Test-Suite"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">4.5. Translations and languages</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch04s04.html">Zurück</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Kapitel 4. Entwicklerdokumentation</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch04s06.html">Weiter</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="sect1" title="4.5. Translations and languages"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="translations-languages"></a>4.5. Translations and languages</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="4.5.1. Introduction"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="translations-languages.introduction"></a>4.5.1. Introduction</h3></div></div></div><div class="note" title="Anmerkung" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Anmerkung]" src="system/docbook-xsl/images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Anmerkung</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Dieser Abschnitt ist in Englisch geschrieben, um
4 internationalen Übersetzern die Arbeit zu erleichtern.</p></td></tr></table></div><p>This section describes how localization packages in kivitendo
5 are built. Currently the only language fully supported is German, and
6 since most of the internal messages are held in English the English
7 version is usable too.</p></div><div class="sect2" title="4.5.2. Character set"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="translations-languages.character-set"></a>4.5.2. Character set</h3></div></div></div><p>All files included in a language pack must use UTF-8 as their
8 encoding.</p></div><div class="sect2" title="4.5.3. File structure"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="translations-languages.file-structure"></a>4.5.3. File structure</h3></div></div></div><p>The structure of locales in kivitendo is:</p><pre class="programlisting">kivitendo/locale/<langcode>/</pre><p>where <langcode> stands for an abbreviation of the
9 language package. The builtin packages use two letter <a class="ulink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639-1" target="_top">ISO 639-1</a> codes,
10 but the actual name is not relevant for the program and can easily be
11 extended to <a class="ulink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag" target="_top">IETF language
12 tags</a> (i.e. "en_GB"). In fact the original language packages
13 from SQL Ledger are named in this way.</p><p>In such a language directory the following files are
14 recognized:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">LANGUAGE</span></dt><dd><p>This file is mandatory.</p><p>The <code class="filename">LANGUAGE</code> file contains the self
15 descripted name of the language. It should contain a native
16 representation first, and in parenthesis an english translation
17 after that. Example:</p><pre class="programlisting">Deutsch (German)</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">all</span></dt><dd><p>This file is mandatory.</p><p>The central translation file. It is essentially an inline
18 Perl script autogenerated by <span class="command"><strong>locales.pl</strong></span>. To
19 generate it, generate the directory and the two files mentioned
20 above, and execute the following command:</p><pre class="programlisting">scripts/locales.pl <langcode></pre><p>Otherwise you can simply copy one of the other languages.
21 You will be told how many are missing like this:</p><pre class="programlisting">$ scripts/locales.pl en
22 English - 0.6% - 2015/2028 missing</pre><p>A file named "<code class="filename">missing</code>" will be
23 generated and can be edited. You can also edit the
24 "<code class="filename">all</code>" file directly. Edit everything you
25 like to fit the target language and execute
26 <span class="command"><strong>locales.pl</strong></span> again. See how the missing words
27 get fewer.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Num2text</span></dt><dd><p>Legacy code from SQL Ledger. It provides a means for
28 numbers to be converted into natural language, like
29 <code class="literal">1523 => one thousand five hundred twenty
30 three</code>. If you want to provide it, it must be inlinable
31 Perl code which provides a <code class="function">num2text</code> sub. If
32 an <code class="function">init</code> sub exists it will be executed
33 first.</p><p>Only used in the check and receipt printing module.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">special_chars</span></dt><dd><p>kivitendo comes with a lot of interfaces to different
34 formats, some of which are rather picky with their accepted
35 charset. The <code class="filename">special_chars</code> file contains a
36 listing of chars not suited for different file format and
37 provides substitutions. It is written in "Simple Ini" style,
38 containing a block for every file format.</p><p>First entry should be the order of substitution for
39 entries as a whitespace separated list. All entries are
40 interpolated, so <code class="literal">\n</code>, <code class="literal">\x20</code>
41 and <code class="literal">\\</code> all work.</p><p>After that every entry is a special char that should be
42 translated when writing text into such a file.</p><p>Example:</p><pre class="programlisting">[Template/XML]
43 order=& < > \n
47 \n=<br></pre><p>Note the importance of the order in this example.
48 Substituting < and > befor & would lead to $gt; become
49 &amp;gt;</p><p>For a list of valid formats, see the German
50 <code class="filename">special_chars</code> entry. As of this writing the
51 following are recognized:</p><pre class="programlisting">HTML
57 filenames</pre><p>The last of which is very machine dependent. Remember that
58 a lot of characters are forbidden by some filesystems, for
59 example MS Windows doesn't like ':' in its files where Linux
60 doesn't mind that. If you want the files created with your
61 language pack to be portable, find all chars that could cause
62 trouble.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">missing</span></dt><dd><p>This file is not a part of the language package
63 itself.</p><p>This is a file generated by
64 <span class="command"><strong>scripts/locales.pl</strong></span> while processing your
65 locales. It's only to have the missing entries singled out and
66 does not belong to a language package.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lost</span></dt><dd><p>This file is not a part of the language package
67 itself.</p><p>Another file generated by
68 <span class="command"><strong>scripts/locales.pl</strong></span>. If for any reason a
69 translation does not appear anymore and can be deleted, it gets
70 moved here. The last 50 or so entries deleted are saved here in
71 case you made a typo, so that you don't have to translate
72 everything again. If a tranlsation is missing, the lost file is
73 checked first. If you maintain a language package, you might
74 want to keep this safe somewhere.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">more/all</span></dt><dd><p>This subdir and file is not a part of the language package
75 itself.</p><p>If the directory more exists and contains a file called
76 all it will be parsed in addition to the mandatory all (see
77 above). The file is useful if you want to change some
78 translations for the current installation without conflicting
79 further upgrades. The file is not autogenerated and has the same
80 format as the all, but needs another key (more_texts). See the
81 german translation for an example or copy the following code:
82 </p><pre class="programlisting">
84 # -*- coding: utf-8; -*-
89 # These are additional texts for custom translations.
90 # The format is the same as for the normal file all, only
91 # with another key (more_texts instead of texts).
92 # The file has the form of 'english text' => 'foreign text',
94 $self->{more_texts} = {
96 'Ship via' => 'Terms of delivery',
97 'Shipping Point' => 'Delivery time',
100 </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch04s04.html">Zurück</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch04.html">Nach oben</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch04s06.html">Weiter</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">4.4. SQL-Upgradedateien </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Zum Anfang</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 4.6. Die kivitendo-Test-Suite</td></tr></table></div></body></html>