4 use base qw(Class::Accessor);
5 use overload '""' => 'show_javascript'; # for building web pages, so
6 # you can just say: print $pjx
8 use vars qw ($VERSION @ISA @METHODS);
9 @METHODS = qw(url_list coderef_list DEBUG JSDEBUG html
10 js_encode_function cgi_header_extra);
12 CGI::Ajax->mk_accessors( @METHODS );
17 ########################################### main pod documentation begin ##
21 CGI::Ajax - a perl-specific system for writing Asynchronous web
27 use CGI; # or any other CGI:: form handler/decoder
31 my $pjx = new CGI::Ajax( 'exported_func' => \&perl_func );
33 print $pjx->build_html( $cgi, \&Show_HTML);
37 # do something with $input
38 my $output = $input . " was the input!";
47 <input type="text" name="val1" id="val1"
48 onkeyup="exported_func( ['val1'], ['resultdiv'] );">
50 <div id="resultdiv"></div>
57 I<There are several fully-functional examples in the 'scripts/'
58 directory of the distribution.>
62 CGI::Ajax is an object-oriented module that provides a unique
63 mechanism for using perl code asynchronously from javascript-
64 enhanced HTML pages. CGI::Ajax unburdens the user from having to
65 write extensive javascript, except for associating an exported
66 method with a document-defined event (such as onClick, onKeyUp,
67 etc). CGI::Ajax also mixes well with HTML containing more complex
70 CGI::Ajax supports methods that return single results or multiple
71 results to the web page, and supports returning values to multiple
72 DIV elements on the HTML page.
74 Using CGI::Ajax, the URL for the HTTP GET/POST request is
75 automatically generated based on HTML layout and events, and the
76 page is then dynamically updated with the output from the perl
77 function. Additionally, CGI::Ajax supports mapping URL's to a
78 CGI::Ajax function name, so you can separate your code processing
79 over multiple scripts.
81 Other than using the Class::Accessor module to generate CGI::Ajax'
82 accessor methods, CGI::Ajax is completely self-contained - it
83 does not require you to install a larger package or a full Content
84 Management System, etc.
86 We have added I<support> for other CGI handler/decoder modules,
87 like L<CGI::Simple> or L<CGI::Minimal>, but we can't test these
88 since we run mod_perl2 only here. CGI::Ajax checks to see if a
89 header() method is available to the CGI object, and then uses it.
90 If method() isn't available, it creates it's own minimal header.
92 A primary goal of CGI::Ajax is to keep the module streamlined and
93 maximally flexible. We are trying to keep the generated javascript
94 code to a minimum, but still provide users with a variety of
95 methods for deploying CGI::Ajax. And VERY little user javascript.
99 The CGI::Ajax module allows a Perl subroutine to be called
100 asynchronously, when triggered from a javascript event on the
101 HTML page. To do this, the subroutine must be I<registered>,
104 my $pjx = new CGI::Ajax( 'JSFUNC' => \&PERLFUNC );
106 This maps a perl subroutine (PERLFUNC) to an automatically
107 generated Javascript function (JSFUNC). Next you setup a trigger this
108 function when an event occurs (e.g. "onClick"):
110 onClick="JSFUNC(['source1','source2'], ['dest1','dest2']);"
112 where 'source1', 'dest1', 'source2', 'dest2' are the DIV ids of
113 HTML elements in your page...
115 <input type=text id=source1>
116 <input type=text id=source2>
120 L<CGI::Ajax> sends the values from source1 and source2 to your
121 Perl subroutine and returns the results to dest1 and dest2.
123 =head2 4 Usage Methods
127 =item 1 Standard CGI::Ajax example
129 Start by defining a perl subroutine that you want available from
130 javascript. In this case we'll define a subrouting that determines
131 whether or not an input is odd, even, or not a number (NaN):
141 # see if input is defined
142 if ( not defined $input ) {
143 return("input not defined or NaN");
146 # see if value is a number (*thanks Randall!*)
147 if ( $input !~ /\A\d+\z/ ) {
148 return("input is NaN");
151 # got a number, so mod by 2
152 $input % 2 == 0 ? return("EVEN") : return("ODD");
155 Alternatively, we could have used coderefs to associate an
158 my $evenodd_func = sub {
159 # exactly the same as in the above subroutine
162 Next we define a function to generate the web page - this can
163 be done many different ways, and can also be defined as an
164 anonymous sub. The only requirement is that the sub send back
165 the html of the page. You can do this via a string containing the
166 html, or from a coderef that returns the html, or from a function
172 <HEAD><title>CGI::Ajax Example</title>
175 Enter a number:
176 <input type="text" name="somename" id="val1" size="6"
177 OnKeyUp="evenodd( ['val1'], ['resultdiv'] );">
188 The exported Perl subrouting is triggered using the C<OnKeyUp>
189 event handler of the input HTML element. The subroutine takes one
190 value from the form, the input element B<'val1'>, and returns the
191 the result to an HTML div element with an id of B<'resultdiv'>.
192 Sending in the input id in an array format is required to support
193 multiple inputs, and similarly, to output multiple the results,
194 you can use an array for the output divs, but this isn't mandatory -
195 as will be explained in the B<Advanced> usage.
197 Now create a CGI object and a CGI::Ajax object, associating a reference
198 to our subroutine with the name we want available to javascript.
201 my $pjx = new CGI::Ajax( 'evenodd' => \&evenodd_func );
203 And if we used a coderef, it would look like this...
205 my $pjx = new CGI::Ajax( 'evenodd' => $evenodd_func );
207 Now we're ready to print the output page; we send in the cgi
208 object and the HTML-generating function.
210 print $pjx->build_html($cgi,\&Show_HTML);
212 CGI::Ajax has support for passing in extra HTML header information
213 to the CGI object. This can be accomplished by adding a third
214 argument to the build_html() call. The argument needs to be a
215 hashref containing Key=>value pairs that CGI objects understand:
217 print $pjx->build_html($cgi,\&Show_HTML,
218 {-charset=>'UTF-8, -expires=>'-1d'});
220 See L<CGI> for more header() method options.
222 That's it for the CGI::Ajax standard method. Let's look at
223 something more advanced.
225 =item 2 Advanced CGI::Ajax example
227 Let's say we wanted to have a perl subroutine process multiple
228 values from the HTML page, and similarly return multiple values
229 back to distinct divs on the page. This is easy to do, and
230 requires no changes to the perl code - you just create it as you
231 would any perl subroutine that works with multiple input values
232 and returns multiple values. The significant change happens in
233 the event handler javascript in the HTML...
235 onClick="exported_func(['input1','input2'],['result1','result2']);"
237 Here we associate our javascript function ("exported_func") with
238 two HTML element ids ('input1','input2'), and also send in two
239 HTML element ids to place the results in ('result1','result2').
241 =item 3 Sending Perl Subroutine Output to a Javascript function
243 Occassionally, you might want to have a custom javascript function
244 process the returned information from your Perl subroutine.
245 This is possible, and the only requierment is that you change
246 your event handler code...
248 onClick="exported_func(['input1'],[js_process_func]);"
250 In this scenario, C<js_process_func> is a javascript function you
251 write to take the returned value from your Perl subroutine and
252 process the results. I<Note that a javascript function is not
253 quoted -- if it were, then CGI::Ajax would look for a HTML element
254 with that id.> Beware that with this usage, B<you are responsible
255 for distributing the results to the appropriate place on the
256 HTML page>. If the exported Perl subroutine returns, e.g. 2
257 values, then C<js_process_func> would need to process the input
258 by working through an array, or using the javascript Function
261 function js_process_func() {
262 var input1 = arguments[0]
263 var input2 = arguments[1];
264 // do something and return results, or set HTML divs using
266 document.getElementById('outputdiv').innerHTML = input1;
269 =item 4 URL/Outside Script CGI::Ajax example
271 There are times when you may want a different script to
272 return content to your page. This could be because you have
273 an existing script already written to perform a particular
274 task, or you want to distribute a part of your application to another
275 script. This can be accomplished in L<CGI::Ajax> by using a URL in
276 place of a locally-defined Perl subroutine. In this usage,
277 you alter you creation of the L<CGI::Ajax> object to link an
278 exported javascript function name to a local URL instead of
279 a coderef or a subroutine.
281 my $url = 'scripts/other_script.pl';
282 my $pjx = new CGI::Ajax( 'external' => $url );
284 This will work as before in terms of how it is called from you
287 onClick="external(['input1','input2'],['resultdiv']);"
289 The other_script.pl will get the values via a CGI object and
290 accessing the 'args' key. The values of the B<'args'> key will
291 be an array of everything that was sent into the script.
293 my @input = $cgi->params('args');
294 $input[0]; # contains first argument
295 $input[1]; # contains second argument, etc...
297 This is good, but what if you need to send in arguments to the
298 other script which are directly from the calling Perl script,
299 i.e. you want a calling Perl script's variable to be sent, not
300 the value from an HTML element on the page? This is possible
301 using the following syntax:
303 onClick="exported_func(['args__$input1','args__$input2'],
306 Similary, if the external script required a constant as input
307 (e.g. C<script.pl?args=42>, you would use this syntax:
309 onClick="exported_func(['args__42'],['resultdiv']);"
311 In both of the above examples, the result from the external
312 script would get placed into the I<resultdiv> element on our
313 (the calling script's) page.
315 If you are sending more than one argument from an external perl
316 script back to a javascript function, you will need to split the
317 string (AJAX applications communicate in strings only) on something.
318 Internally, we use '__pjx__', and this string is checked for. If
319 found, L<CGI::Ajax> will automatically split it. However, if you
320 don't want to use '__pjx__', you can do it yourself:
322 For example, from your Perl script, you would...
324 return("A|B"); # join with "|"
326 and then in the javascript function you would have something like...
329 var arr = arguments[0].split("|");
334 In order to rename parameters, in case the outside script needs
335 specifically-named parameters and not CGI::Ajax' I<'args'> default
336 parameter name, change your event handler associated with an HTML
339 onClick="exported_func(['myname__$input1','myparam__$input2'],
342 The URL generated would look like this...
344 C<script.pl?myname=input1&myparam=input2>
346 You would then retrieve the input in the outside script with this...
348 my $p1 = $cgi->params('myname');
349 my $p1 = $cgi->params('myparam');
351 Finally, what if we need to get a value from our HTML page and we
352 want to send that value to an outside script but the outside script
353 requires a named parameter different from I<'args'>? You can
354 accomplish this with L<CGI::Ajax> using the getVal() javascript
355 method (which returns an array, thus the C<getVal()[0]> notation):
357 onClick="exported_func(['myparam__' + getVal('div_id')[0]],
360 This will get the value of our HTML element with and
361 I<id> of I<div_id>, and submit it to the url attached to
362 I<myparam__>. So if our exported handler referred to a URI
363 called I<script/scr.pl>, and the element on our HTML page called
364 I<div_id> contained the number '42', then the URL would look
365 like this C<script/scr.pl?myparam=42>. The result from this
366 outside URL would get placed back into our HTML page in the
367 element I<resultdiv>. See the example script that comes with
368 the distribution called I<pjx_url.pl> and its associated outside
369 script I<convert_degrees.pl> for a working example.
371 B<N.B.> These examples show the use of outside scripts which
372 are other perl scripts - I<but you are not limited to Perl>!
373 The outside script could just as easily have been PHP or any other
374 CGI script, as long as the return from the other script is just
375 the result, and not addition HTML code (like FORM elements, etc).
379 =head2 GET versus POST
381 Note that all the examples so far have used the following syntax:
383 onClick="exported_func(['input1'],['result1']);"
385 There is an optional third argument to a L<CGI::Ajax> exported
386 function that allows change the submit method. The above event could
387 also have been coded like this...
389 onClick="exported_func(['input1'],['result1'], 'GET');"
391 By default, L<CGI::Ajax> sends a I<'GET'> request. If you need it,
392 for example your URL is getting way too long, you can easily switch
393 to a I<'POST'> request with this syntax...
395 onClick="exported_func(['input1'],['result1'], 'POST');"
397 I<('POST' and 'post' are supported)>
401 We have implemented a method to prevent page cacheing from undermining
402 the AJAX methods in a page. If you send in an input argument to a
403 L<CGI::Ajax>-exported function called 'NO_CACHE', the a special
404 parameter will get attached to the end or your url with a random
405 number in it. This will prevent a browser from caching your request.
407 onClick="exported_func(['input1','NO_CACHE'],['result1']);"
409 The extra param is called pjxrand, and won't interfere with the order
410 of processing for the rest of your parameters.
416 ################################### main pod documentation end ##
418 ######################################################
419 ## METHODS - public ##
420 ######################################################
426 Purpose: Associates a cgi obj ($cgi) with pjx object, inserts
427 javascript into <HEAD></HEAD> element and constructs
428 the page, or part of the page. AJAX applications
429 are designed to update only the section of the
430 page that needs it - the whole page doesn't have
431 to be redrawn. L<CGI::Ajax> applications use the
432 build_html() method to take care of this: if the CGI
433 parameter C<fname> exists, then the return from the
434 L<CGI::Ajax>-exported function is sent to the page.
435 Otherwise, the entire page is sent, since without
436 an C<fname> param, this has to be the first time
437 the page is being built.
439 Arguments: The CGI object, and either a coderef, or a string
440 containing html. Optionally, you can send in a third
441 parameter containing information that will get passed
442 directly to the CGI object header() call.
443 Returns: html or updated html (including the header)
444 Called By: originating cgi script
448 my ( $self, $cgi, $html_source, $cgi_header_extra ) = @_;
450 if ( ref( $cgi ) =~ /CGI.*/ ) {
451 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
452 print STDERR "CGI::Ajax->build_html: CGI* object was received\n";
454 $self->cgi( $cgi ); # associate the cgi obj with the CGI::Ajax object
457 if ( defined $cgi_header_extra ) {
458 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
459 print STDERR "CGI::Ajax->build_html: got extra cgi header info\n";
460 if ( ref($cgi_header_extra) eq "HASH" ) {
461 foreach my $k ( keys %$cgi_header_extra ) {
462 print STDERR "\t$k => ", $cgi_header_extra->{$k}, "\n";
465 print STDERR "\t$cgi_header_extra\n";
468 $self->cgi_header_extra( $cgi_header_extra );
471 #check if "fname" was defined in the CGI object
472 if ( defined $self->cgi()->param("fname") ) {
473 # it was, so just return the html from the handled request
474 return ( $self->handle_request() );
477 # start with the minimum, a http header line and any extra cgi
478 # header params sent in
480 if ( $self->cgi()->can('header') ) {
481 #$html .= $self->cgi()->header();
482 $html .= $self->cgi()->header( $self->cgi_header_extra() );
485 # don't have an object with a "header()" method, so just create
487 $html .= "Content-Type: text/html;";
488 $html .= $self->cgi_header_extra();
492 # check if the user sent in a coderef for generating the html,
494 if ( ref($html_source) eq "CODE" ) {
495 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
496 print STDERR "CGI::Ajax->build_html: html_source is a CODEREF\n";
498 eval { $html .= &$html_source };
500 # there was a problem evaluating the html-generating function
501 # that was sent in, so generate an error page
502 if ( $self->cgi()->can('header') ) {
503 $html = $self->cgi()->header( $self->cgi_header_extra() );
506 # don't have an object with a "header()" method, so just create
508 $html = "Content-Type: text/html;";
509 $html .= $self->cgi_header_extra();
512 $html .= qq!<html><head><title></title></head><body><h2>Problems</h2> with
513 the html-generating function sent to CGI::Ajax
514 object</body></html>!;
517 $self->html($html); # no problems, so set html
520 # user must have sent in raw html, so add it
521 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
522 print STDERR "CGI::Ajax->build_html: html_source is HTML\n";
524 $self->html( $html . $html_source );
527 # now modify the html to insert the javascript
528 $self->insert_js_in_head();
530 return $self->html();
533 =item show_javascript()
535 Purpose: builds the text of all the javascript that needs to be
536 inserted into the calling scripts html <head> section
538 Returns: javascript text
539 Called By: originating web script
540 Note: This method is also overridden so when you just print
541 a CGI::Ajax object it will output all the javascript needed
546 sub show_javascript {
548 my $rv = $self->show_common_js(); # show the common js
550 # build the js for each perl function you want exported to js
551 foreach my $func ( keys %{ $self->coderef_list() }, keys %{ $self->url_list() } ) {
552 $rv .= $self->make_function($func);
554 # wrap up the return in a CDATA structure for XML compatibility
555 # (thanks Thos Davis)
556 $rv = "\n" . '//<![CDATA[' . "\n" . $rv . "\n" . '//]]>' . "\n";
557 $rv = '<script type="text/javascript">' . $rv . '</script>';
564 my $self = bless ({}, ref ($class) || $class);
565 # $self->SUPER::new();
566 $self->JSDEBUG(0); # turn javascript debugging off (if on,
567 # extra info will be added to the web page output
568 # if set to 1, then the core js will get
569 # compressed, but the user-defined functions will
570 # not be compressed. If set to 2 (or anything
571 # greater than 1 or 0), then none of the
572 # javascript will get compressed.
574 $self->DEBUG(0); # turn debugging off (if on, check web logs)
576 #accessorized attributes
577 $self->coderef_list({});
581 #$self->cgi_header_extra(""); # set cgi_header_extra to an empty string
583 # setup a default endcoding; if you need support for international
584 # charsets, use 'escape' instead of encodeURIComponent. Due to the
585 # number of browser problems users report about scripts with a default of
586 # encodeURIComponent, we are setting the default to 'escape'
587 $self->js_encode_function('escape');
590 die "incorrect usage: must have fn=>code pairs in new\n";
594 my($function_name,$code) = splice( @_, 0, 2 );
595 if ( ref( $code ) eq "CODE" ) {
596 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
597 print STDERR "name = $function_name, code = $code\n";
599 # add the name/code to hash
600 $self->coderef_list()->{ $function_name } = $code;
601 } elsif ( ref($code) ) {
602 die "Unsuported code block/url\n";
604 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
605 print STDERR "Setting function $function_name to url $code\n";
607 # if it's a url, it is added here
608 $self->url_list()->{ $function_name } = $code;
614 ######################################################
615 ## METHODS - private ##
616 ######################################################
618 # sub cgiobj(), cgi()
620 # Purpose: accessor method to associate a CGI object with our
622 # Arguments: a CGI object
623 # Returns: CGI::Ajax objects cgi object
624 # Called By: originating cgi script, or build_html()
628 # see if any values were sent in...
631 # add support for other CGI::* modules This requires that your web server
632 # be configured properly. I can't test anything but a mod_perl2
633 # setup, so this prevents me from testing CGI::Lite,CGI::Simple, etc.
634 if ( ref($cgi) =~ /CGI.*/ ) {
635 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
636 print STDERR "cgiobj() received a CGI-like object ($cgi)\n";
638 $self->{'cgi'} = $cgi;
640 die "CGI::Ajax -- Can't set internal CGI object to a non-CGI object ($cgi)\n";
644 return( $self->{'cgi'} );
650 return( $self->cgiobj( @_ ) );
652 return( $self->cgiobj() );
656 ## # sub cgi_header_extra
658 ## # Purpose: accessor method to associate CGI header information
659 ## # with the CGI::Ajax object
660 ## # Arguments: a hashref with key=>value pairs that get handed off to
661 ## # the CGI object's header() method
662 ## # Returns: hashref of extra cgi header params
663 ## # Called By: originating cgi script, or build_html()
665 ## sub cgi_header_extra {
668 ## $self->{'cgi_header_extra'} = shift;
670 ## return( $self->{'cgi_header_extra'} );
673 # sub create_js_setRequestHeader
675 # Purpose: create text of the header for the javascript side,
676 # xmlhttprequest call
678 # Returns: text of header to pass to xmlhttpreq call so it will
679 # match whatever was setup for the main web-page
680 # Called By: originating cgi script, or build_html()
683 sub create_js_setRequestHeader {
685 my $cgi_header_extra = $self->cgi_header_extra();
686 my $js_header_string = q{r.setRequestHeader("};
687 #$js_header_string .= $self->cgi()->header( $cgi_header_extra );
688 $js_header_string .= $self->cgi()->header();
689 $js_header_string .= q{");};
690 #if ( ref $cgi_header_extra eq "HASH" ) {
691 # foreach my $k ( keys(%$cgi_header_extra) ) {
692 # $js_header_string .= $self->cgi()->header($cgi_headers)
695 #print STDERR $self->cgi()->header($cgi_headers) ;
697 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
698 print STDERR "js_header_string is (", $js_header_string, ")\n";
701 return($js_header_string);
704 # sub show_common_js()
706 # Purpose: create text of the javascript needed to interface with
709 # Returns: text of common javascript subroutine, 'do_http_request'
710 # Called By: originating cgi script, or build_html()
715 my $encodefn = $self->js_encode_function();
716 my $decodefn = $encodefn;
717 $decodefn =~ s/^(en)/de/;
718 $decodefn =~ s/^(esc)/unesc/;
719 #my $request_header_str = $self->create_js_setRequestHeader();
720 my $request_header_str = "";
723 function pjx(args,fname,method) {
726 method=(method)?method:'GET';
727 if(method=='post'){method='POST';}
728 this.method = method;
730 this.url = this.getURL(fname);
735 var fL = document.forms.length;
736 for(var f = 0;f<fL;f++){
737 var els = document.forms[f].elements;
739 var tmp = (els[e].id != undefined)? els[e].id : els[e].name;
740 if(typeof tmp != 'string'){continue;}
741 if(tmp){ all[all.length]=tmp}
746 function getVal(id) {
747 if (id.constructor == Function ) { return id(); }
748 if (typeof(id)!= 'string') { return id; }
749 var element = document.getElementById(id) || document.forms[0].elements[id];
751 alert('ERROR: Cant find HTML element with id or name: ' +
752 id+'. Check that an element with name or id='+id+' exists');
755 if(element.type == 'select-one') {
756 if(element.selectedIndex == -1) return;
757 var item = element[element.selectedIndex];
758 return item.value || item.text
760 if (element.type == 'select-multiple') {
763 for (var i=0;i<element.length;i++) {
764 if (element[i].selected || element[i].checked ) {
765 ans[k++]= element[i].value || element[i].text;
771 if(element.type == 'radio' || element.type == 'checkbox'){
773 var elms = document.getElementsByTagName('input');
774 var endk = elms.length;
776 for(var k=0;k<endk;k++){
777 if(elms[k].type== element.type && elms[k].checked && elms[k].id==id){
778 ans[i++]=elms[k].value;
783 if( element.value == undefined ){
784 return element.innerHTML;
786 return element.value;
789 function fnsplit(arg) {
791 if(arg=='NO_CACHE'){return '&pjxrand='+Math.random()}
792 if((typeof(arg)).toLowerCase() == 'object'){
794 url += '&' + k + '=' + arg[k];
796 }else if (arg.indexOf('__') != -1) {
797 arga = arg.split(/__/);
798 url += '&' + arga[0] +'='+ $encodefn(arga[1]);
800 var res = getVal(arg) || '';
801 if(res.constructor != Array){ res = [res] }
802 for(var i=0;i<res.length;i++) {
803 url += '&args=' + $encodefn(res[i]) + '&' + arg + '=' + $encodefn(res[i]);
810 send2perl : function(){
812 var dt = this.target;
813 this.pjxInitialized(dt);
816 if(this.method=="POST"){
817 var idx=url.indexOf('?');
818 postdata = url.substr(idx+1);
819 url = url.substr(0,idx);
821 r.open(this.method,url,true);
823 if(this.method=="POST"){
824 r.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
827 if(this.method=="GET"){
830 r.onreadystatechange = handleReturn;
832 pjxInitialized : function(){},
833 pjxCompleted : function(){},
834 readyState4 : function(){
835 var rsp = $decodefn(this.r.responseText); /* the response from perl */
836 var splitval = '__pjx__'; /* to split text */
837 /* fix IE problems with undef values in an Array getting squashed*/
838 rsp = rsp.replace(new RegExp(splitval+splitval, "g"),splitval+" "+splitval);
839 var data = rsp.split(splitval);
841 if (dt.constructor != Array) { dt=[dt]; }
842 if (data.constructor != Array) { data=[data]; }
843 if (typeof(dt[0])=='function') {
844 dt[0].apply(this,data);
846 for ( var i=0; i<dt.length; i++ ) {
847 if (typeof(dt[i])=='function') {
848 dt[i].apply(this,[data[i]]);
850 var div = document.getElementById(dt[i]);
851 if (div.type =='text' || div.type=='textarea' || div.type=='hidden' ) {
854 div.innerHTML = data[i];
859 this.pjxCompleted(dt);
862 getURL : function(fname) {
863 var args = this.args;
864 var url= 'fname=' + fname;
865 for (var i=0;i<args.length;i++) {
872 handleReturn = function() {
873 for( var k=0; k<ajax.length; k++ ) {
874 if (ajax[k].r==null) { ajax.splice(k--,1); continue; }
875 if ( ajax[k].r.readyState== 4) {
876 ajax[k].readyState4();
885 if(typeof XMLHttpRequest != "undefined")
887 return function(){return new XMLHttpRequest();}
889 var msv= ["Msxml2.XMLHTTP.7.0", "Msxml2.XMLHTTP.6.0",
890 "Msxml2.XMLHTTP.5.0", "Msxml2.XMLHTTP.4.0", "MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0",
891 "MSXML2.XMLHTTP", "Microsoft.XMLHTTP"];
892 for(var j=0;j<=msv.length;j++){
895 A = new ActiveXObject(msv[j]);
897 return function(){return new ActiveXObject(msv[j]);}
907 var tmp = document.getElementById('pjxdebugrequest').innerHTML = "<br><pre>";
908 for( var i=0; i < ajax.length; i++ ) {
909 tmp += '<a href= '+ ajax[i].url +' target=_blank>' +
910 decodeURI(ajax[i].url) + ' </a><br>';
912 document.getElementById('pjxdebugrequest').innerHTML = tmp + "</pre>";
917 if ( $self->JSDEBUG() <= 1 ) {
918 $rv = $self->compress_js($rv);
926 # Purpose: searches the javascript for newlines and spaces and
927 # removes them (if a newline) or shrinks them to a single (if
929 # Arguments: javascript to compress
930 # Returns: compressed js string
931 # Called By: show_common_js(),
936 return if not defined $js;
938 $js =~ s/\n//g; # drop newlines
939 $js =~ s/\s+/ /g; # replace 1+ spaces with just one space
944 # sub insert_js_in_head()
946 # Purpose: searches the html value in the CGI::Ajax object and inserts
947 # the ajax javascript code in the <script></script> section,
948 # or if no such section exists, then it creates it. If
949 # JSDEBUG is set, then an extra div will be added and the
950 # url wil be desplayed as a link
953 # Called By: build_html()
956 sub insert_js_in_head{
958 my $mhtml = $self->html();
961 my $js = $self->show_javascript();
963 if ( $self->JSDEBUG() ) {
964 my $showurl=qq!<br/><div id='pjxdebugrequest'></div><br/>!;
965 # find the terminal </body> so we can insert just before it
966 my @splith = $mhtml =~ /(.*)(<\s*\/\s*body[^>]*>?)(.*)/is;
967 $mhtml = $splith[0].$showurl.$splith[1].$splith[2];
970 # see if we can match on <head>
971 @shtml= $mhtml =~ /(.*)(<\s*head[^>]*>?)(.*)/is;
973 # yes, there's already a <head></head>, so let's insert inside it,
975 $newhtml = $shtml[0].$shtml[1].$js.$shtml[2];
976 } elsif( @shtml= $mhtml =~ /(.*)(<\s*html[^>]*>?)(.*)/is){
977 # there's no <head>, so look for the <html> tag, and insert out
978 # javascript inside that tag
979 $newhtml = $shtml[0].$shtml[1].$js.$shtml[2];
981 $newhtml .= "<html><head>";
983 $newhtml .= "</head><body>";
984 $newhtml .= "No head/html tags, nowhere to insert. Returning javascript anyway<br>";
985 $newhtml .= "</body></html>";
987 $self->html($newhtml);
991 # sub handle_request()
993 # Purpose: makes sure a fname function name was set in the CGI
994 # object, and then tries to eval the function with
995 # parameters sent in on args
997 # Returns: the result of the perl subroutine, as text; if multiple
998 # arguments are sent back from the defined, exported perl
999 # method, then join then with a connector (__pjx__).
1000 # Called By: build_html()
1003 sub handle_request {
1006 my $result; # $result takes the output of the function, if it's an
1007 # array split on __pjx__
1008 my @other = (); # array for catching extra parameters
1010 # we need to access "fname" in the form from the web page, so make
1011 # sure there is a CGI object defined
1012 return undef unless defined $self->cgi();
1015 if ( $self->cgi()->can('header') ) {
1016 $rv = $self->cgi()->header( $self->cgi_header_extra() );
1018 # don't have an object with a "header()" method, so just create
1020 $rv = "Content-Type: text/html;";
1022 $rv .= $self->cgi_header_extra();
1026 # get the name of the function
1027 my $func_name = $self->cgi()->param("fname");
1029 # check if the function name was created
1030 if ( defined $self->coderef_list()->{$func_name} ) {
1031 my $code = $self->coderef_list()->{$func_name};
1033 # eval the code from the coderef, and append the output to $rv
1034 if ( ref($code) eq "CODE" ) {
1035 eval { ($result, @other) = $code->( $self->cgi()->param("args") ) };
1038 # see if the eval caused and error and report it
1039 # Should we be more severe and die?
1040 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
1041 print STDERR "Problem with code: $@\n";
1046 $rv .= join( "__pjx__", ($result, @other) );
1047 if ( $self->DEBUG() ) {
1048 print STDERR "rv = $rv\n";
1051 if ( defined $result ) {
1056 } # end if ref = CODE
1058 # # problems with the URL, return a CGI rrror
1059 print STDERR "POSSIBLE SECURITY INCIDENT! Browser from ", $self->cgi()->remote_addr();
1060 print STDERR "\trequested URL: ", $self->cgi()->url();
1061 print STDERR "\tfname request: ", $self->cgi()->param('fname');
1062 print STDERR " -- returning Bad Request status 400\n";
1063 if ( $self->cgi()->can('header') ) {
1064 return($self->cgi()->header( -status=>'400' ));
1066 # don't have an object with a "header()" method, so just create
1067 # a mimimal one with 400 error
1068 $rv = "Status: 400\nContent-Type: text/html;\n\n";
1075 # sub make_function()
1077 # Purpose: creates the javascript wrapper for the underlying perl
1079 # Arguments: CGI object from web form, and the name of the perl
1080 # function to export to javascript, or a url if the
1081 # function name refers to another cgi script
1082 # Returns: text of the javascript-wrapped perl subroutine
1083 # Called By: show_javascript; called once for each registered perl
1088 my ($self, $func_name ) = @_;
1089 return("") if not defined $func_name;
1090 return("") if $func_name eq "";
1092 my $script = $0 || $ENV{SCRIPT_FILENAME};
1093 $script =~ s/.*[\/|\\](.+)$/$1/;
1094 my $outside_url = $self->url_list()->{ $func_name };
1095 my $url = defined $outside_url ? $outside_url : $script;
1096 if ($url =~ /\?/) { $url.='&'; } else {$url.='?'}
1099 if ( $self->JSDEBUG()) {
1100 $jsdebug = "jsdebug()";
1103 #create the javascript text
1105 function $func_name() {
1106 var args = $func_name.arguments;
1107 for( var i=0; i<args[0].length;i++ ) {
1108 args[0][i] = fnsplit(args[0][i]);
1110 var l = ajax.length;
1111 ajax[l]= new pjx(args,"$func_name",args[2]);
1112 ajax[l].url = $url + ajax[l].url;
1113 ajax[l].send2perl();
1118 if ( not $self->JSDEBUG() ) {
1119 $rv = $self->compress_js($rv);
1126 Purpose: adds a function name and a code ref to the global coderef
1127 hash, after the original object was created
1128 Arguments: function name, code reference
1130 Called By: originating web script
1135 my ( $self, $fn, $coderef ) = @_;
1136 # coderef_list() is a Class::Accessor function
1137 # url_list() is a Class::Accessor function
1138 if ( ref( $coderef ) eq "CODE" ) {
1139 $self->coderef_list()->{$fn} = $coderef;
1140 } elsif ( ref($coderef) ) {
1141 die "Unsupported code/url type - error\n";
1143 $self->url_list()->{$fn} = $coderef;
1149 Purpose: Show the AJAX URL that is being generated, and stop
1150 compression of the generated javascript, both of which can aid
1151 during debugging. If set to 1, then the core js will get
1152 compressed, but the user-defined functions will not be
1153 compressed. If set to 2 (or anything greater than 1 or 0),
1154 then none of the javascript will get compressed.
1156 Arguments: JSDEBUG(0); # turn javascript debugging off
1157 JSDEBUG(1); # turn javascript debugging on, some javascript compression
1158 JSDEBUG(2); # turn javascript debugging on, no javascript compresstion
1159 Returns: prints a link to the url that is being generated automatically by
1160 the Ajax object. this is VERY useful for seeing what
1161 CGI::Ajax is doing. Following the link, will show a page
1162 with the output that the page is generating.
1164 Called By: $pjx->JSDEBUG(1) # where $pjx is a CGI::Ajax object;
1168 Purpose: Show debugging information in web server logs
1169 Arguments: DEBUG(0); # turn debugging off (default)
1170 DEBUG(1); # turn debugging on
1171 Returns: prints debugging information to the web server logs using
1173 Called By: $pjx->DEBUG(1) # where $pjx is a CGI::Ajax object;
1179 Follow any bugs at our homepage....
1181 http://www.perljax.us
1185 Check out the news/discussion/bugs lists at our homepage:
1187 http://www.perljax.us
1191 Brian C. Thomas Brent Pedersen
1193 bct.x42@gmail.com bpederse@gmail.com
1195 =head1 A NOTE ABOUT THE MODULE NAME
1197 This module was initiated using the name "Perljax", but then
1198 registered with CPAN under the WWW group "CGI::", and so became
1199 "CGI::Perljax". Upon further deliberation, we decided to change it's
1200 name to L<CGI::Ajax>.
1204 This program is free software; you can redistribute
1205 it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
1207 The full text of the license can be found in the
1208 LICENSE file included with this module.