--- /dev/null
+// Components for manipulating sequences of characters -*- C++ -*-
+
+// Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
+// 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
+// Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+//
+// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
+// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+// any later version.
+
+// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
+// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
+// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
+// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
+// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
+// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/** @file bits/basic_string.h
+ * This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
+ * Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{string}
+ */
+
+//
+// ISO C++ 14882: 21 Strings library
+//
+
+#ifndef _BASIC_STRING_H
+#define _BASIC_STRING_H 1
+
+#pragma GCC system_header
+
+#include <ext/atomicity.h>
+#include <debug/debug.h>
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+#include <initializer_list>
+#endif
+
+namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
+{
+_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
+
+ /**
+ * @class basic_string basic_string.h <string>
+ * @brief Managing sequences of characters and character-like objects.
+ *
+ * @ingroup strings
+ * @ingroup sequences
+ *
+ * Meets the requirements of a <a href="tables.html#65">container</a>, a
+ * <a href="tables.html#66">reversible container</a>, and a
+ * <a href="tables.html#67">sequence</a>. Of the
+ * <a href="tables.html#68">optional sequence requirements</a>, only
+ * @c push_back, @c at, and @c %array access are supported.
+ *
+ * @doctodo
+ *
+ *
+ * Documentation? What's that?
+ * Nathan Myers <ncm@cantrip.org>.
+ *
+ * A string looks like this:
+ *
+ * @code
+ * [_Rep]
+ * _M_length
+ * [basic_string<char_type>] _M_capacity
+ * _M_dataplus _M_refcount
+ * _M_p ----------------> unnamed array of char_type
+ * @endcode
+ *
+ * Where the _M_p points to the first character in the string, and
+ * you cast it to a pointer-to-_Rep and subtract 1 to get a
+ * pointer to the header.
+ *
+ * This approach has the enormous advantage that a string object
+ * requires only one allocation. All the ugliness is confined
+ * within a single %pair of inline functions, which each compile to
+ * a single @a add instruction: _Rep::_M_data(), and
+ * string::_M_rep(); and the allocation function which gets a
+ * block of raw bytes and with room enough and constructs a _Rep
+ * object at the front.
+ *
+ * The reason you want _M_data pointing to the character %array and
+ * not the _Rep is so that the debugger can see the string
+ * contents. (Probably we should add a non-inline member to get
+ * the _Rep for the debugger to use, so users can check the actual
+ * string length.)
+ *
+ * Note that the _Rep object is a POD so that you can have a
+ * static <em>empty string</em> _Rep object already @a constructed before
+ * static constructors have run. The reference-count encoding is
+ * chosen so that a 0 indicates one reference, so you never try to
+ * destroy the empty-string _Rep object.
+ *
+ * All but the last paragraph is considered pretty conventional
+ * for a C++ string implementation.
+ */
+ // 21.3 Template class basic_string
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ class basic_string
+ {
+ typedef typename _Alloc::template rebind<_CharT>::other _CharT_alloc_type;
+
+ // Types:
+ public:
+ typedef _Traits traits_type;
+ typedef typename _Traits::char_type value_type;
+ typedef _Alloc allocator_type;
+ typedef typename _CharT_alloc_type::size_type size_type;
+ typedef typename _CharT_alloc_type::difference_type difference_type;
+ typedef typename _CharT_alloc_type::reference reference;
+ typedef typename _CharT_alloc_type::const_reference const_reference;
+ typedef typename _CharT_alloc_type::pointer pointer;
+ typedef typename _CharT_alloc_type::const_pointer const_pointer;
+ typedef __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<pointer, basic_string> iterator;
+ typedef __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const_pointer, basic_string>
+ const_iterator;
+ typedef std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator> const_reverse_iterator;
+ typedef std::reverse_iterator<iterator> reverse_iterator;
+
+ private:
+ // _Rep: string representation
+ // Invariants:
+ // 1. String really contains _M_length + 1 characters: due to 21.3.4
+ // must be kept null-terminated.
+ // 2. _M_capacity >= _M_length
+ // Allocated memory is always (_M_capacity + 1) * sizeof(_CharT).
+ // 3. _M_refcount has three states:
+ // -1: leaked, one reference, no ref-copies allowed, non-const.
+ // 0: one reference, non-const.
+ // n>0: n + 1 references, operations require a lock, const.
+ // 4. All fields==0 is an empty string, given the extra storage
+ // beyond-the-end for a null terminator; thus, the shared
+ // empty string representation needs no constructor.
+
+ struct _Rep_base
+ {
+ size_type _M_length;
+ size_type _M_capacity;
+ _Atomic_word _M_refcount;
+ };
+
+ struct _Rep : _Rep_base
+ {
+ // Types:
+ typedef typename _Alloc::template rebind<char>::other _Raw_bytes_alloc;
+
+ // (Public) Data members:
+
+ // The maximum number of individual char_type elements of an
+ // individual string is determined by _S_max_size. This is the
+ // value that will be returned by max_size(). (Whereas npos
+ // is the maximum number of bytes the allocator can allocate.)
+ // If one was to divvy up the theoretical largest size string,
+ // with a terminating character and m _CharT elements, it'd
+ // look like this:
+ // npos = sizeof(_Rep) + (m * sizeof(_CharT)) + sizeof(_CharT)
+ // Solving for m:
+ // m = ((npos - sizeof(_Rep))/sizeof(CharT)) - 1
+ // In addition, this implementation quarters this amount.
+ static const size_type _S_max_size;
+ static const _CharT _S_terminal;
+
+ // The following storage is init'd to 0 by the linker, resulting
+ // (carefully) in an empty string with one reference.
+ static size_type _S_empty_rep_storage[];
+
+ static _Rep&
+ _S_empty_rep()
+ {
+ // NB: Mild hack to avoid strict-aliasing warnings. Note that
+ // _S_empty_rep_storage is never modified and the punning should
+ // be reasonably safe in this case.
+ void* __p = reinterpret_cast<void*>(&_S_empty_rep_storage);
+ return *reinterpret_cast<_Rep*>(__p);
+ }
+
+ bool
+ _M_is_leaked() const
+ { return this->_M_refcount < 0; }
+
+ bool
+ _M_is_shared() const
+ { return this->_M_refcount > 0; }
+
+ void
+ _M_set_leaked()
+ { this->_M_refcount = -1; }
+
+ void
+ _M_set_sharable()
+ { this->_M_refcount = 0; }
+
+ void
+ _M_set_length_and_sharable(size_type __n)
+ {
+#if _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING == 0
+ if (__builtin_expect(this != &_S_empty_rep(), false))
+#endif
+ {
+ this->_M_set_sharable(); // One reference.
+ this->_M_length = __n;
+ traits_type::assign(this->_M_refdata()[__n], _S_terminal);
+ // grrr. (per 21.3.4)
+ // You cannot leave those LWG people alone for a second.
+ }
+ }
+
+ _CharT*
+ _M_refdata() throw()
+ { return reinterpret_cast<_CharT*>(this + 1); }
+
+ _CharT*
+ _M_grab(const _Alloc& __alloc1, const _Alloc& __alloc2)
+ {
+ return (!_M_is_leaked() && __alloc1 == __alloc2)
+ ? _M_refcopy() : _M_clone(__alloc1);
+ }
+
+ // Create & Destroy
+ static _Rep*
+ _S_create(size_type, size_type, const _Alloc&);
+
+ void
+ _M_dispose(const _Alloc& __a)
+ {
+#if _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING == 0
+ if (__builtin_expect(this != &_S_empty_rep(), false))
+#endif
+ {
+ // Be race-detector-friendly. For more info see bits/c++config.
+ _GLIBCXX_SYNCHRONIZATION_HAPPENS_BEFORE(&this->_M_refcount);
+ if (__gnu_cxx::__exchange_and_add_dispatch(&this->_M_refcount,
+ -1) <= 0)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_SYNCHRONIZATION_HAPPENS_AFTER(&this->_M_refcount);
+ _M_destroy(__a);
+ }
+ }
+ } // XXX MT
+
+ void
+ _M_destroy(const _Alloc&) throw();
+
+ _CharT*
+ _M_refcopy() throw()
+ {
+#if _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING == 0
+ if (__builtin_expect(this != &_S_empty_rep(), false))
+#endif
+ __gnu_cxx::__atomic_add_dispatch(&this->_M_refcount, 1);
+ return _M_refdata();
+ } // XXX MT
+
+ _CharT*
+ _M_clone(const _Alloc&, size_type __res = 0);
+ };
+
+ // Use empty-base optimization: http://www.cantrip.org/emptyopt.html
+ struct _Alloc_hider : _Alloc
+ {
+ _Alloc_hider(_CharT* __dat, const _Alloc& __a)
+ : _Alloc(__a), _M_p(__dat) { }
+
+ _CharT* _M_p; // The actual data.
+ };
+
+ public:
+ // Data Members (public):
+ // NB: This is an unsigned type, and thus represents the maximum
+ // size that the allocator can hold.
+ /// Value returned by various member functions when they fail.
+ static const size_type npos = static_cast<size_type>(-1);
+
+ private:
+ // Data Members (private):
+ mutable _Alloc_hider _M_dataplus;
+
+ _CharT*
+ _M_data() const
+ { return _M_dataplus._M_p; }
+
+ _CharT*
+ _M_data(_CharT* __p)
+ { return (_M_dataplus._M_p = __p); }
+
+ _Rep*
+ _M_rep() const
+ { return &((reinterpret_cast<_Rep*> (_M_data()))[-1]); }
+
+ // For the internal use we have functions similar to `begin'/`end'
+ // but they do not call _M_leak.
+ iterator
+ _M_ibegin() const
+ { return iterator(_M_data()); }
+
+ iterator
+ _M_iend() const
+ { return iterator(_M_data() + this->size()); }
+
+ void
+ _M_leak() // for use in begin() & non-const op[]
+ {
+ if (!_M_rep()->_M_is_leaked())
+ _M_leak_hard();
+ }
+
+ size_type
+ _M_check(size_type __pos, const char* __s) const
+ {
+ if (__pos > this->size())
+ __throw_out_of_range(__N(__s));
+ return __pos;
+ }
+
+ void
+ _M_check_length(size_type __n1, size_type __n2, const char* __s) const
+ {
+ if (this->max_size() - (this->size() - __n1) < __n2)
+ __throw_length_error(__N(__s));
+ }
+
+ // NB: _M_limit doesn't check for a bad __pos value.
+ size_type
+ _M_limit(size_type __pos, size_type __off) const
+ {
+ const bool __testoff = __off < this->size() - __pos;
+ return __testoff ? __off : this->size() - __pos;
+ }
+
+ // True if _Rep and source do not overlap.
+ bool
+ _M_disjunct(const _CharT* __s) const
+ {
+ return (less<const _CharT*>()(__s, _M_data())
+ || less<const _CharT*>()(_M_data() + this->size(), __s));
+ }
+
+ // When __n = 1 way faster than the general multichar
+ // traits_type::copy/move/assign.
+ static void
+ _M_copy(_CharT* __d, const _CharT* __s, size_type __n)
+ {
+ if (__n == 1)
+ traits_type::assign(*__d, *__s);
+ else
+ traits_type::copy(__d, __s, __n);
+ }
+
+ static void
+ _M_move(_CharT* __d, const _CharT* __s, size_type __n)
+ {
+ if (__n == 1)
+ traits_type::assign(*__d, *__s);
+ else
+ traits_type::move(__d, __s, __n);
+ }
+
+ static void
+ _M_assign(_CharT* __d, size_type __n, _CharT __c)
+ {
+ if (__n == 1)
+ traits_type::assign(*__d, __c);
+ else
+ traits_type::assign(__d, __n, __c);
+ }
+
+ // _S_copy_chars is a separate template to permit specialization
+ // to optimize for the common case of pointers as iterators.
+ template<class _Iterator>
+ static void
+ _S_copy_chars(_CharT* __p, _Iterator __k1, _Iterator __k2)
+ {
+ for (; __k1 != __k2; ++__k1, ++__p)
+ traits_type::assign(*__p, *__k1); // These types are off.
+ }
+
+ static void
+ _S_copy_chars(_CharT* __p, iterator __k1, iterator __k2)
+ { _S_copy_chars(__p, __k1.base(), __k2.base()); }
+
+ static void
+ _S_copy_chars(_CharT* __p, const_iterator __k1, const_iterator __k2)
+ { _S_copy_chars(__p, __k1.base(), __k2.base()); }
+
+ static void
+ _S_copy_chars(_CharT* __p, _CharT* __k1, _CharT* __k2)
+ { _M_copy(__p, __k1, __k2 - __k1); }
+
+ static void
+ _S_copy_chars(_CharT* __p, const _CharT* __k1, const _CharT* __k2)
+ { _M_copy(__p, __k1, __k2 - __k1); }
+
+ static int
+ _S_compare(size_type __n1, size_type __n2)
+ {
+ const difference_type __d = difference_type(__n1 - __n2);
+
+ if (__d > __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<int>::__max)
+ return __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<int>::__max;
+ else if (__d < __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<int>::__min)
+ return __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<int>::__min;
+ else
+ return int(__d);
+ }
+
+ void
+ _M_mutate(size_type __pos, size_type __len1, size_type __len2);
+
+ void
+ _M_leak_hard();
+
+ static _Rep&
+ _S_empty_rep()
+ { return _Rep::_S_empty_rep(); }
+
+ public:
+ // Construct/copy/destroy:
+ // NB: We overload ctors in some cases instead of using default
+ // arguments, per 17.4.4.4 para. 2 item 2.
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Default constructor creates an empty string.
+ */
+ basic_string()
+#if _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING == 0
+ : _M_dataplus(_S_empty_rep()._M_refdata(), _Alloc()) { }
+#else
+ : _M_dataplus(_S_construct(size_type(), _CharT(), _Alloc()), _Alloc()){ }
+#endif
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct an empty string using allocator @a a.
+ */
+ explicit
+ basic_string(const _Alloc& __a);
+
+ // NB: per LWG issue 42, semantics different from IS:
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct string with copy of value of @a str.
+ * @param __str Source string.
+ */
+ basic_string(const basic_string& __str);
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct string as copy of a substring.
+ * @param __str Source string.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character to copy from.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to copy (default remainder).
+ */
+ basic_string(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos,
+ size_type __n = npos);
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct string as copy of a substring.
+ * @param __str Source string.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character to copy from.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to copy.
+ * @param __a Allocator to use.
+ */
+ basic_string(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos,
+ size_type __n, const _Alloc& __a);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct string initialized by a character %array.
+ * @param __s Source character %array.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to copy.
+ * @param __a Allocator to use (default is default allocator).
+ *
+ * NB: @a __s must have at least @a __n characters, '\\0'
+ * has no special meaning.
+ */
+ basic_string(const _CharT* __s, size_type __n,
+ const _Alloc& __a = _Alloc());
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct string as copy of a C string.
+ * @param __s Source C string.
+ * @param __a Allocator to use (default is default allocator).
+ */
+ basic_string(const _CharT* __s, const _Alloc& __a = _Alloc());
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct string as multiple characters.
+ * @param __n Number of characters.
+ * @param __c Character to use.
+ * @param __a Allocator to use (default is default allocator).
+ */
+ basic_string(size_type __n, _CharT __c, const _Alloc& __a = _Alloc());
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Move construct string.
+ * @param __str Source string.
+ *
+ * The newly-created string contains the exact contents of @a __str.
+ * @a __str is a valid, but unspecified string.
+ **/
+ basic_string(basic_string&& __str) noexcept
+ : _M_dataplus(__str._M_dataplus)
+ {
+#if _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING == 0
+ __str._M_data(_S_empty_rep()._M_refdata());
+#else
+ __str._M_data(_S_construct(size_type(), _CharT(), get_allocator()));
+#endif
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct string from an initializer %list.
+ * @param __l std::initializer_list of characters.
+ * @param __a Allocator to use (default is default allocator).
+ */
+ basic_string(initializer_list<_CharT> __l, const _Alloc& __a = _Alloc());
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Construct string as copy of a range.
+ * @param __beg Start of range.
+ * @param __end End of range.
+ * @param __a Allocator to use (default is default allocator).
+ */
+ template<class _InputIterator>
+ basic_string(_InputIterator __beg, _InputIterator __end,
+ const _Alloc& __a = _Alloc());
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Destroy the string instance.
+ */
+ ~basic_string() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { _M_rep()->_M_dispose(this->get_allocator()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Assign the value of @a str to this string.
+ * @param __str Source string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ operator=(const basic_string& __str)
+ { return this->assign(__str); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Copy contents of @a s into this string.
+ * @param __s Source null-terminated string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ operator=(const _CharT* __s)
+ { return this->assign(__s); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to string of length 1.
+ * @param __c Source character.
+ *
+ * Assigning to a character makes this string length 1 and
+ * (*this)[0] == @a c.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ operator=(_CharT __c)
+ {
+ this->assign(1, __c);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Move assign the value of @a str to this string.
+ * @param __str Source string.
+ *
+ * The contents of @a str are moved into this string (without copying).
+ * @a str is a valid, but unspecified string.
+ **/
+ basic_string&
+ operator=(basic_string&& __str)
+ {
+ // NB: DR 1204.
+ this->swap(__str);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to string constructed from initializer %list.
+ * @param __l std::initializer_list.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ operator=(initializer_list<_CharT> __l)
+ {
+ this->assign(__l.begin(), __l.size());
+ return *this;
+ }
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ // Iterators:
+ /**
+ * Returns a read/write iterator that points to the first character in
+ * the %string. Unshares the string.
+ */
+ iterator
+ begin() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ {
+ _M_leak();
+ return iterator(_M_data());
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the first
+ * character in the %string.
+ */
+ const_iterator
+ begin() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return const_iterator(_M_data()); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read/write iterator that points one past the last
+ * character in the %string. Unshares the string.
+ */
+ iterator
+ end() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ {
+ _M_leak();
+ return iterator(_M_data() + this->size());
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points one past the
+ * last character in the %string.
+ */
+ const_iterator
+ end() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return const_iterator(_M_data() + this->size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read/write reverse iterator that points to the last
+ * character in the %string. Iteration is done in reverse element
+ * order. Unshares the string.
+ */
+ reverse_iterator
+ rbegin() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return reverse_iterator(this->end()); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) reverse iterator that points
+ * to the last character in the %string. Iteration is done in
+ * reverse element order.
+ */
+ const_reverse_iterator
+ rbegin() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return const_reverse_iterator(this->end()); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read/write reverse iterator that points to one before the
+ * first character in the %string. Iteration is done in reverse
+ * element order. Unshares the string.
+ */
+ reverse_iterator
+ rend() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return reverse_iterator(this->begin()); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) reverse iterator that points
+ * to one before the first character in the %string. Iteration
+ * is done in reverse element order.
+ */
+ const_reverse_iterator
+ rend() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return const_reverse_iterator(this->begin()); }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the first
+ * character in the %string.
+ */
+ const_iterator
+ cbegin() const noexcept
+ { return const_iterator(this->_M_data()); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points one past the
+ * last character in the %string.
+ */
+ const_iterator
+ cend() const noexcept
+ { return const_iterator(this->_M_data() + this->size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) reverse iterator that points
+ * to the last character in the %string. Iteration is done in
+ * reverse element order.
+ */
+ const_reverse_iterator
+ crbegin() const noexcept
+ { return const_reverse_iterator(this->end()); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) reverse iterator that points
+ * to one before the first character in the %string. Iteration
+ * is done in reverse element order.
+ */
+ const_reverse_iterator
+ crend() const noexcept
+ { return const_reverse_iterator(this->begin()); }
+#endif
+
+ public:
+ // Capacity:
+ /// Returns the number of characters in the string, not including any
+ /// null-termination.
+ size_type
+ size() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return _M_rep()->_M_length; }
+
+ /// Returns the number of characters in the string, not including any
+ /// null-termination.
+ size_type
+ length() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return _M_rep()->_M_length; }
+
+ /// Returns the size() of the largest possible %string.
+ size_type
+ max_size() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return _Rep::_S_max_size; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Resizes the %string to the specified number of characters.
+ * @param __n Number of characters the %string should contain.
+ * @param __c Character to fill any new elements.
+ *
+ * This function will %resize the %string to the specified
+ * number of characters. If the number is smaller than the
+ * %string's current size the %string is truncated, otherwise
+ * the %string is extended and new elements are %set to @a __c.
+ */
+ void
+ resize(size_type __n, _CharT __c);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Resizes the %string to the specified number of characters.
+ * @param __n Number of characters the %string should contain.
+ *
+ * This function will resize the %string to the specified length. If
+ * the new size is smaller than the %string's current size the %string
+ * is truncated, otherwise the %string is extended and new characters
+ * are default-constructed. For basic types such as char, this means
+ * setting them to 0.
+ */
+ void
+ resize(size_type __n)
+ { this->resize(__n, _CharT()); }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /// A non-binding request to reduce capacity() to size().
+ void
+ shrink_to_fit()
+ {
+ if (capacity() > size())
+ {
+ __try
+ { reserve(0); }
+ __catch(...)
+ { }
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /**
+ * Returns the total number of characters that the %string can hold
+ * before needing to allocate more memory.
+ */
+ size_type
+ capacity() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return _M_rep()->_M_capacity; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Attempt to preallocate enough memory for specified number of
+ * characters.
+ * @param __res_arg Number of characters required.
+ * @throw std::length_error If @a __res_arg exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * This function attempts to reserve enough memory for the
+ * %string to hold the specified number of characters. If the
+ * number requested is more than max_size(), length_error is
+ * thrown.
+ *
+ * The advantage of this function is that if optimal code is a
+ * necessity and the user can determine the string length that will be
+ * required, the user can reserve the memory in %advance, and thus
+ * prevent a possible reallocation of memory and copying of %string
+ * data.
+ */
+ void
+ reserve(size_type __res_arg = 0);
+
+ /**
+ * Erases the string, making it empty.
+ */
+ void
+ clear() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { _M_mutate(0, this->size(), 0); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns true if the %string is empty. Equivalent to
+ * <code>*this == ""</code>.
+ */
+ bool
+ empty() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->size() == 0; }
+
+ // Element access:
+ /**
+ * @brief Subscript access to the data contained in the %string.
+ * @param __pos The index of the character to access.
+ * @return Read-only (constant) reference to the character.
+ *
+ * This operator allows for easy, array-style, data access.
+ * Note that data access with this operator is unchecked and
+ * out_of_range lookups are not defined. (For checked lookups
+ * see at().)
+ */
+ const_reference
+ operator[] (size_type __pos) const
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(__pos <= size());
+ return _M_data()[__pos];
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Subscript access to the data contained in the %string.
+ * @param __pos The index of the character to access.
+ * @return Read/write reference to the character.
+ *
+ * This operator allows for easy, array-style, data access.
+ * Note that data access with this operator is unchecked and
+ * out_of_range lookups are not defined. (For checked lookups
+ * see at().) Unshares the string.
+ */
+ reference
+ operator[](size_type __pos)
+ {
+ // allow pos == size() as v3 extension:
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(__pos <= size());
+ // but be strict in pedantic mode:
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(__pos < size());
+ _M_leak();
+ return _M_data()[__pos];
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Provides access to the data contained in the %string.
+ * @param __n The index of the character to access.
+ * @return Read-only (const) reference to the character.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a n is an invalid index.
+ *
+ * This function provides for safer data access. The parameter is
+ * first checked that it is in the range of the string. The function
+ * throws out_of_range if the check fails.
+ */
+ const_reference
+ at(size_type __n) const
+ {
+ if (__n >= this->size())
+ __throw_out_of_range(__N("basic_string::at"));
+ return _M_data()[__n];
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Provides access to the data contained in the %string.
+ * @param __n The index of the character to access.
+ * @return Read/write reference to the character.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a n is an invalid index.
+ *
+ * This function provides for safer data access. The parameter is
+ * first checked that it is in the range of the string. The function
+ * throws out_of_range if the check fails. Success results in
+ * unsharing the string.
+ */
+ reference
+ at(size_type __n)
+ {
+ if (__n >= size())
+ __throw_out_of_range(__N("basic_string::at"));
+ _M_leak();
+ return _M_data()[__n];
+ }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * Returns a read/write reference to the data at the first
+ * element of the %string.
+ */
+ reference
+ front()
+ { return operator[](0); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) reference to the data at the first
+ * element of the %string.
+ */
+ const_reference
+ front() const
+ { return operator[](0); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read/write reference to the data at the last
+ * element of the %string.
+ */
+ reference
+ back()
+ { return operator[](this->size() - 1); }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a read-only (constant) reference to the data at the
+ * last element of the %string.
+ */
+ const_reference
+ back() const
+ { return operator[](this->size() - 1); }
+#endif
+
+ // Modifiers:
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a string to this string.
+ * @param __str The string to append.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ operator+=(const basic_string& __str)
+ { return this->append(__str); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a C string.
+ * @param __s The C string to append.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ operator+=(const _CharT* __s)
+ { return this->append(__s); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a character.
+ * @param __c The character to append.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ operator+=(_CharT __c)
+ {
+ this->push_back(__c);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Append an initializer_list of characters.
+ * @param __l The initializer_list of characters to be appended.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ operator+=(initializer_list<_CharT> __l)
+ { return this->append(__l.begin(), __l.size()); }
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a string to this string.
+ * @param __str The string to append.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ append(const basic_string& __str);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a substring.
+ * @param __str The string to append.
+ * @param __pos Index of the first character of str to append.
+ * @param __n The number of characters to append.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range if @a __pos is not a valid index.
+ *
+ * This function appends @a __n characters from @a __str
+ * starting at @a __pos to this string. If @a __n is is larger
+ * than the number of available characters in @a __str, the
+ * remainder of @a __str is appended.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ append(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos, size_type __n);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a C substring.
+ * @param __s The C string to append.
+ * @param __n The number of characters to append.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ append(const _CharT* __s, size_type __n);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a C string.
+ * @param __s The C string to append.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ append(const _CharT* __s)
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->append(__s, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append multiple characters.
+ * @param __n The number of characters to append.
+ * @param __c The character to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ *
+ * Appends __n copies of __c to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ append(size_type __n, _CharT __c);
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Append an initializer_list of characters.
+ * @param __l The initializer_list of characters to append.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ append(initializer_list<_CharT> __l)
+ { return this->append(__l.begin(), __l.size()); }
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a range of characters.
+ * @param __first Iterator referencing the first character to append.
+ * @param __last Iterator marking the end of the range.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ *
+ * Appends characters in the range [__first,__last) to this string.
+ */
+ template<class _InputIterator>
+ basic_string&
+ append(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
+ { return this->replace(_M_iend(), _M_iend(), __first, __last); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Append a single character.
+ * @param __c Character to append.
+ */
+ void
+ push_back(_CharT __c)
+ {
+ const size_type __len = 1 + this->size();
+ if (__len > this->capacity() || _M_rep()->_M_is_shared())
+ this->reserve(__len);
+ traits_type::assign(_M_data()[this->size()], __c);
+ _M_rep()->_M_set_length_and_sharable(__len);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to contents of another string.
+ * @param __str Source string to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ assign(const basic_string& __str);
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to contents of another string.
+ * @param __str Source string to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ *
+ * This function sets this string to the exact contents of @a __str.
+ * @a __str is a valid, but unspecified string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ assign(basic_string&& __str)
+ {
+ this->swap(__str);
+ return *this;
+ }
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to a substring of a string.
+ * @param __str The string to use.
+ * @param __pos Index of the first character of str.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range if @a pos is not a valid index.
+ *
+ * This function sets this string to the substring of @a __str
+ * consisting of @a __n characters at @a __pos. If @a __n is
+ * is larger than the number of available characters in @a
+ * __str, the remainder of @a __str is used.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ assign(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos, size_type __n)
+ { return this->assign(__str._M_data()
+ + __str._M_check(__pos, "basic_string::assign"),
+ __str._M_limit(__pos, __n)); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to a C substring.
+ * @param __s The C string to use.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ *
+ * This function sets the value of this string to the first @a __n
+ * characters of @a __s. If @a __n is is larger than the number of
+ * available characters in @a __s, the remainder of @a __s is used.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ assign(const _CharT* __s, size_type __n);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to contents of a C string.
+ * @param __s The C string to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ *
+ * This function sets the value of this string to the value of @a __s.
+ * The data is copied, so there is no dependence on @a __s once the
+ * function returns.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ assign(const _CharT* __s)
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->assign(__s, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to multiple characters.
+ * @param __n Length of the resulting string.
+ * @param __c The character to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ *
+ * This function sets the value of this string to @a __n copies of
+ * character @a __c.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ assign(size_type __n, _CharT __c)
+ { return _M_replace_aux(size_type(0), this->size(), __n, __c); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to a range of characters.
+ * @param __first Iterator referencing the first character to append.
+ * @param __last Iterator marking the end of the range.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ *
+ * Sets value of string to characters in the range [__first,__last).
+ */
+ template<class _InputIterator>
+ basic_string&
+ assign(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
+ { return this->replace(_M_ibegin(), _M_iend(), __first, __last); }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Set value to an initializer_list of characters.
+ * @param __l The initializer_list of characters to assign.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ assign(initializer_list<_CharT> __l)
+ { return this->assign(__l.begin(), __l.size()); }
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert multiple characters.
+ * @param __p Iterator referencing location in string to insert at.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to insert
+ * @param __c The character to insert.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Inserts @a __n copies of character @a __c starting at the
+ * position referenced by iterator @a __p. If adding
+ * characters causes the length to exceed max_size(),
+ * length_error is thrown. The value of the string doesn't
+ * change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ void
+ insert(iterator __p, size_type __n, _CharT __c)
+ { this->replace(__p, __p, __n, __c); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert a range of characters.
+ * @param __p Iterator referencing location in string to insert at.
+ * @param __beg Start of range.
+ * @param __end End of range.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Inserts characters in range [__beg,__end). If adding
+ * characters causes the length to exceed max_size(),
+ * length_error is thrown. The value of the string doesn't
+ * change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ template<class _InputIterator>
+ void
+ insert(iterator __p, _InputIterator __beg, _InputIterator __end)
+ { this->replace(__p, __p, __beg, __end); }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert an initializer_list of characters.
+ * @param __p Iterator referencing location in string to insert at.
+ * @param __l The initializer_list of characters to insert.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ */
+ void
+ insert(iterator __p, initializer_list<_CharT> __l)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(__p >= _M_ibegin() && __p <= _M_iend());
+ this->insert(__p - _M_ibegin(), __l.begin(), __l.size());
+ }
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert value of a string.
+ * @param __pos1 Iterator referencing location in string to insert at.
+ * @param __str The string to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Inserts value of @a __str starting at @a __pos1. If adding
+ * characters causes the length to exceed max_size(),
+ * length_error is thrown. The value of the string doesn't
+ * change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ insert(size_type __pos1, const basic_string& __str)
+ { return this->insert(__pos1, __str, size_type(0), __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert a substring.
+ * @param __pos1 Iterator referencing location in string to insert at.
+ * @param __str The string to insert.
+ * @param __pos2 Start of characters in str to insert.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos1 > size() or
+ * @a __pos2 > @a str.size().
+ *
+ * Starting at @a pos1, insert @a __n character of @a __str
+ * beginning with @a __pos2. If adding characters causes the
+ * length to exceed max_size(), length_error is thrown. If @a
+ * __pos1 is beyond the end of this string or @a __pos2 is
+ * beyond the end of @a __str, out_of_range is thrown. The
+ * value of the string doesn't change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ insert(size_type __pos1, const basic_string& __str,
+ size_type __pos2, size_type __n)
+ { return this->insert(__pos1, __str._M_data()
+ + __str._M_check(__pos2, "basic_string::insert"),
+ __str._M_limit(__pos2, __n)); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert a C substring.
+ * @param __pos Iterator referencing location in string to insert at.
+ * @param __s The C string to insert.
+ * @param __n The number of characters to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a __pos is beyond the end of this
+ * string.
+ *
+ * Inserts the first @a __n characters of @a __s starting at @a
+ * __pos. If adding characters causes the length to exceed
+ * max_size(), length_error is thrown. If @a __pos is beyond
+ * end(), out_of_range is thrown. The value of the string
+ * doesn't change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ insert(size_type __pos, const _CharT* __s, size_type __n);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert a C string.
+ * @param __pos Iterator referencing location in string to insert at.
+ * @param __s The C string to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos is beyond the end of this
+ * string.
+ *
+ * Inserts the first @a n characters of @a __s starting at @a __pos. If
+ * adding characters causes the length to exceed max_size(),
+ * length_error is thrown. If @a __pos is beyond end(), out_of_range is
+ * thrown. The value of the string doesn't change if an error is
+ * thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ insert(size_type __pos, const _CharT* __s)
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->insert(__pos, __s, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert multiple characters.
+ * @param __pos Index in string to insert at.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to insert
+ * @param __c The character to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a __pos is beyond the end of this
+ * string.
+ *
+ * Inserts @a __n copies of character @a __c starting at index
+ * @a __pos. If adding characters causes the length to exceed
+ * max_size(), length_error is thrown. If @a __pos > length(),
+ * out_of_range is thrown. The value of the string doesn't
+ * change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ insert(size_type __pos, size_type __n, _CharT __c)
+ { return _M_replace_aux(_M_check(__pos, "basic_string::insert"),
+ size_type(0), __n, __c); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Insert one character.
+ * @param __p Iterator referencing position in string to insert at.
+ * @param __c The character to insert.
+ * @return Iterator referencing newly inserted char.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Inserts character @a __c at position referenced by @a __p.
+ * If adding character causes the length to exceed max_size(),
+ * length_error is thrown. If @a __p is beyond end of string,
+ * out_of_range is thrown. The value of the string doesn't
+ * change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ iterator
+ insert(iterator __p, _CharT __c)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(__p >= _M_ibegin() && __p <= _M_iend());
+ const size_type __pos = __p - _M_ibegin();
+ _M_replace_aux(__pos, size_type(0), size_type(1), __c);
+ _M_rep()->_M_set_leaked();
+ return iterator(_M_data() + __pos);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Remove characters.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character to remove (default 0).
+ * @param __n Number of characters to remove (default remainder).
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos is beyond the end of this
+ * string.
+ *
+ * Removes @a __n characters from this string starting at @a
+ * __pos. The length of the string is reduced by @a __n. If
+ * there are < @a __n characters to remove, the remainder of
+ * the string is truncated. If @a __p is beyond end of string,
+ * out_of_range is thrown. The value of the string doesn't
+ * change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ erase(size_type __pos = 0, size_type __n = npos)
+ {
+ _M_mutate(_M_check(__pos, "basic_string::erase"),
+ _M_limit(__pos, __n), size_type(0));
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Remove one character.
+ * @param __position Iterator referencing the character to remove.
+ * @return iterator referencing same location after removal.
+ *
+ * Removes the character at @a __position from this string. The value
+ * of the string doesn't change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ iterator
+ erase(iterator __position)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(__position >= _M_ibegin()
+ && __position < _M_iend());
+ const size_type __pos = __position - _M_ibegin();
+ _M_mutate(__pos, size_type(1), size_type(0));
+ _M_rep()->_M_set_leaked();
+ return iterator(_M_data() + __pos);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Remove a range of characters.
+ * @param __first Iterator referencing the first character to remove.
+ * @param __last Iterator referencing the end of the range.
+ * @return Iterator referencing location of first after removal.
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [first,last) from this string.
+ * The value of the string doesn't change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ iterator
+ erase(iterator __first, iterator __last);
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Remove the last character.
+ *
+ * The string must be non-empty.
+ */
+ void
+ pop_back()
+ { erase(size()-1, 1); }
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace characters with value from another string.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character to replace.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to be replaced.
+ * @param __str String to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos is beyond the end of this
+ * string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__pos,__pos+__n) from
+ * this string. In place, the value of @a __str is inserted.
+ * If @a __pos is beyond end of string, out_of_range is thrown.
+ * If the length of the result exceeds max_size(), length_error
+ * is thrown. The value of the string doesn't change if an
+ * error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n, const basic_string& __str)
+ { return this->replace(__pos, __n, __str._M_data(), __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace characters with value from another string.
+ * @param __pos1 Index of first character to replace.
+ * @param __n1 Number of characters to be replaced.
+ * @param __str String to insert.
+ * @param __pos2 Index of first character of str to use.
+ * @param __n2 Number of characters from str to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a __pos1 > size() or @a __pos2 >
+ * __str.size().
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__pos1,__pos1 + n) from this
+ * string. In place, the value of @a __str is inserted. If @a __pos is
+ * beyond end of string, out_of_range is thrown. If the length of the
+ * result exceeds max_size(), length_error is thrown. The value of the
+ * string doesn't change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const basic_string& __str,
+ size_type __pos2, size_type __n2)
+ { return this->replace(__pos1, __n1, __str._M_data()
+ + __str._M_check(__pos2, "basic_string::replace"),
+ __str._M_limit(__pos2, __n2)); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace characters with value of a C substring.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character to replace.
+ * @param __n1 Number of characters to be replaced.
+ * @param __s C string to insert.
+ * @param __n2 Number of characters from @a s to use.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos1 > size().
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__pos,__pos + __n1)
+ * from this string. In place, the first @a __n2 characters of
+ * @a __s are inserted, or all of @a __s if @a __n2 is too large. If
+ * @a __pos is beyond end of string, out_of_range is thrown. If
+ * the length of result exceeds max_size(), length_error is
+ * thrown. The value of the string doesn't change if an error
+ * is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, const _CharT* __s,
+ size_type __n2);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace characters with value of a C string.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character to replace.
+ * @param __n1 Number of characters to be replaced.
+ * @param __s C string to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos > size().
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__pos,__pos + __n1)
+ * from this string. In place, the characters of @a __s are
+ * inserted. If @a __pos is beyond end of string, out_of_range
+ * is thrown. If the length of result exceeds max_size(),
+ * length_error is thrown. The value of the string doesn't
+ * change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, const _CharT* __s)
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->replace(__pos, __n1, __s, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace characters with multiple characters.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character to replace.
+ * @param __n1 Number of characters to be replaced.
+ * @param __n2 Number of characters to insert.
+ * @param __c Character to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If @a __pos > size().
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [pos,pos + n1) from this
+ * string. In place, @a __n2 copies of @a __c are inserted.
+ * If @a __pos is beyond end of string, out_of_range is thrown.
+ * If the length of result exceeds max_size(), length_error is
+ * thrown. The value of the string doesn't change if an error
+ * is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, size_type __n2, _CharT __c)
+ { return _M_replace_aux(_M_check(__pos, "basic_string::replace"),
+ _M_limit(__pos, __n1), __n2, __c); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace range of characters with string.
+ * @param __i1 Iterator referencing start of range to replace.
+ * @param __i2 Iterator referencing end of range to replace.
+ * @param __str String value to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__i1,__i2). In place,
+ * the value of @a __str is inserted. If the length of result
+ * exceeds max_size(), length_error is thrown. The value of
+ * the string doesn't change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2, const basic_string& __str)
+ { return this->replace(__i1, __i2, __str._M_data(), __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace range of characters with C substring.
+ * @param __i1 Iterator referencing start of range to replace.
+ * @param __i2 Iterator referencing end of range to replace.
+ * @param __s C string value to insert.
+ * @param __n Number of characters from s to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__i1,__i2). In place,
+ * the first @a __n characters of @a __s are inserted. If the
+ * length of result exceeds max_size(), length_error is thrown.
+ * The value of the string doesn't change if an error is
+ * thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2, const _CharT* __s, size_type __n)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(_M_ibegin() <= __i1 && __i1 <= __i2
+ && __i2 <= _M_iend());
+ return this->replace(__i1 - _M_ibegin(), __i2 - __i1, __s, __n);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace range of characters with C string.
+ * @param __i1 Iterator referencing start of range to replace.
+ * @param __i2 Iterator referencing end of range to replace.
+ * @param __s C string value to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__i1,__i2). In place,
+ * the characters of @a __s are inserted. If the length of
+ * result exceeds max_size(), length_error is thrown. The
+ * value of the string doesn't change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2, const _CharT* __s)
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->replace(__i1, __i2, __s, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace range of characters with multiple characters
+ * @param __i1 Iterator referencing start of range to replace.
+ * @param __i2 Iterator referencing end of range to replace.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to insert.
+ * @param __c Character to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__i1,__i2). In place,
+ * @a __n copies of @a __c are inserted. If the length of
+ * result exceeds max_size(), length_error is thrown. The
+ * value of the string doesn't change if an error is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2, size_type __n, _CharT __c)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(_M_ibegin() <= __i1 && __i1 <= __i2
+ && __i2 <= _M_iend());
+ return _M_replace_aux(__i1 - _M_ibegin(), __i2 - __i1, __n, __c);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace range of characters with range.
+ * @param __i1 Iterator referencing start of range to replace.
+ * @param __i2 Iterator referencing end of range to replace.
+ * @param __k1 Iterator referencing start of range to insert.
+ * @param __k2 Iterator referencing end of range to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__i1,__i2). In place,
+ * characters in the range [__k1,__k2) are inserted. If the
+ * length of result exceeds max_size(), length_error is thrown.
+ * The value of the string doesn't change if an error is
+ * thrown.
+ */
+ template<class _InputIterator>
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2,
+ _InputIterator __k1, _InputIterator __k2)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(_M_ibegin() <= __i1 && __i1 <= __i2
+ && __i2 <= _M_iend());
+ __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__k1, __k2);
+ typedef typename std::__is_integer<_InputIterator>::__type _Integral;
+ return _M_replace_dispatch(__i1, __i2, __k1, __k2, _Integral());
+ }
+
+ // Specializations for the common case of pointer and iterator:
+ // useful to avoid the overhead of temporary buffering in _M_replace.
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2, _CharT* __k1, _CharT* __k2)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(_M_ibegin() <= __i1 && __i1 <= __i2
+ && __i2 <= _M_iend());
+ __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__k1, __k2);
+ return this->replace(__i1 - _M_ibegin(), __i2 - __i1,
+ __k1, __k2 - __k1);
+ }
+
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2,
+ const _CharT* __k1, const _CharT* __k2)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(_M_ibegin() <= __i1 && __i1 <= __i2
+ && __i2 <= _M_iend());
+ __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__k1, __k2);
+ return this->replace(__i1 - _M_ibegin(), __i2 - __i1,
+ __k1, __k2 - __k1);
+ }
+
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2, iterator __k1, iterator __k2)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(_M_ibegin() <= __i1 && __i1 <= __i2
+ && __i2 <= _M_iend());
+ __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__k1, __k2);
+ return this->replace(__i1 - _M_ibegin(), __i2 - __i1,
+ __k1.base(), __k2 - __k1);
+ }
+
+ basic_string&
+ replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2,
+ const_iterator __k1, const_iterator __k2)
+ {
+ _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDASSERT(_M_ibegin() <= __i1 && __i1 <= __i2
+ && __i2 <= _M_iend());
+ __glibcxx_requires_valid_range(__k1, __k2);
+ return this->replace(__i1 - _M_ibegin(), __i2 - __i1,
+ __k1.base(), __k2 - __k1);
+ }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ /**
+ * @brief Replace range of characters with initializer_list.
+ * @param __i1 Iterator referencing start of range to replace.
+ * @param __i2 Iterator referencing end of range to replace.
+ * @param __l The initializer_list of characters to insert.
+ * @return Reference to this string.
+ * @throw std::length_error If new length exceeds @c max_size().
+ *
+ * Removes the characters in the range [__i1,__i2). In place,
+ * characters in the range [__k1,__k2) are inserted. If the
+ * length of result exceeds max_size(), length_error is thrown.
+ * The value of the string doesn't change if an error is
+ * thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string& replace(iterator __i1, iterator __i2,
+ initializer_list<_CharT> __l)
+ { return this->replace(__i1, __i2, __l.begin(), __l.end()); }
+#endif // __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+ private:
+ template<class _Integer>
+ basic_string&
+ _M_replace_dispatch(iterator __i1, iterator __i2, _Integer __n,
+ _Integer __val, __true_type)
+ { return _M_replace_aux(__i1 - _M_ibegin(), __i2 - __i1, __n, __val); }
+
+ template<class _InputIterator>
+ basic_string&
+ _M_replace_dispatch(iterator __i1, iterator __i2, _InputIterator __k1,
+ _InputIterator __k2, __false_type);
+
+ basic_string&
+ _M_replace_aux(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, size_type __n2,
+ _CharT __c);
+
+ basic_string&
+ _M_replace_safe(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const _CharT* __s,
+ size_type __n2);
+
+ // _S_construct_aux is used to implement the 21.3.1 para 15 which
+ // requires special behaviour if _InIter is an integral type
+ template<class _InIterator>
+ static _CharT*
+ _S_construct_aux(_InIterator __beg, _InIterator __end,
+ const _Alloc& __a, __false_type)
+ {
+ typedef typename iterator_traits<_InIterator>::iterator_category _Tag;
+ return _S_construct(__beg, __end, __a, _Tag());
+ }
+
+ // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
+ // 438. Ambiguity in the "do the right thing" clause
+ template<class _Integer>
+ static _CharT*
+ _S_construct_aux(_Integer __beg, _Integer __end,
+ const _Alloc& __a, __true_type)
+ { return _S_construct_aux_2(static_cast<size_type>(__beg),
+ __end, __a); }
+
+ static _CharT*
+ _S_construct_aux_2(size_type __req, _CharT __c, const _Alloc& __a)
+ { return _S_construct(__req, __c, __a); }
+
+ template<class _InIterator>
+ static _CharT*
+ _S_construct(_InIterator __beg, _InIterator __end, const _Alloc& __a)
+ {
+ typedef typename std::__is_integer<_InIterator>::__type _Integral;
+ return _S_construct_aux(__beg, __end, __a, _Integral());
+ }
+
+ // For Input Iterators, used in istreambuf_iterators, etc.
+ template<class _InIterator>
+ static _CharT*
+ _S_construct(_InIterator __beg, _InIterator __end, const _Alloc& __a,
+ input_iterator_tag);
+
+ // For forward_iterators up to random_access_iterators, used for
+ // string::iterator, _CharT*, etc.
+ template<class _FwdIterator>
+ static _CharT*
+ _S_construct(_FwdIterator __beg, _FwdIterator __end, const _Alloc& __a,
+ forward_iterator_tag);
+
+ static _CharT*
+ _S_construct(size_type __req, _CharT __c, const _Alloc& __a);
+
+ public:
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Copy substring into C string.
+ * @param __s C string to copy value into.
+ * @param __n Number of characters to copy.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character to copy.
+ * @return Number of characters actually copied
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If __pos > size().
+ *
+ * Copies up to @a __n characters starting at @a __pos into the
+ * C string @a __s. If @a __pos is %greater than size(),
+ * out_of_range is thrown.
+ */
+ size_type
+ copy(_CharT* __s, size_type __n, size_type __pos = 0) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Swap contents with another string.
+ * @param __s String to swap with.
+ *
+ * Exchanges the contents of this string with that of @a __s in constant
+ * time.
+ */
+ void
+ swap(basic_string& __s);
+
+ // String operations:
+ /**
+ * @brief Return const pointer to null-terminated contents.
+ *
+ * This is a handle to internal data. Do not modify or dire things may
+ * happen.
+ */
+ const _CharT*
+ c_str() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return _M_data(); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Return const pointer to contents.
+ *
+ * This is a handle to internal data. Do not modify or dire things may
+ * happen.
+ */
+ const _CharT*
+ data() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return _M_data(); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Return copy of allocator used to construct this string.
+ */
+ allocator_type
+ get_allocator() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return _M_dataplus; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a C substring.
+ * @param __s C string to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from.
+ * @param __n Number of characters from @a s to search for.
+ * @return Index of start of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for the first @a
+ * __n characters in @a __s within this string. If found,
+ * returns the index where it begins. If not found, returns
+ * npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a string.
+ * @param __str String to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of start of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for value of @a __str within
+ * this string. If found, returns the index where it begins. If not
+ * found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = 0) const
+ _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->find(__str.data(), __pos, __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a C string.
+ * @param __s C string to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of start of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for the value of @a
+ * __s within this string. If found, returns the index where
+ * it begins. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos = 0) const
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->find(__s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a character.
+ * @param __c Character to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for @a __c within
+ * this string. If found, returns the index where it was
+ * found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find(_CharT __c, size_type __pos = 0) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a string.
+ * @param __str String to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from (default end).
+ * @return Index of start of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for value of @a
+ * __str within this string. If found, returns the index where
+ * it begins. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ rfind(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = npos) const
+ _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->rfind(__str.data(), __pos, __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a C substring.
+ * @param __s C string to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from.
+ * @param __n Number of characters from s to search for.
+ * @return Index of start of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for the first @a
+ * __n characters in @a __s within this string. If found,
+ * returns the index where it begins. If not found, returns
+ * npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ rfind(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a C string.
+ * @param __s C string to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to start search at (default end).
+ * @return Index of start of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for the value of
+ * @a __s within this string. If found, returns the index
+ * where it begins. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ rfind(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos = npos) const
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->rfind(__s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a character.
+ * @param __c Character to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from (default end).
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for @a __c within
+ * this string. If found, returns the index where it was
+ * found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ rfind(_CharT __c, size_type __pos = npos) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a character of string.
+ * @param __str String containing characters to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for one of the
+ * characters of @a __str within this string. If found,
+ * returns the index where it was found. If not found, returns
+ * npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_first_of(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = 0) const
+ _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->find_first_of(__str.data(), __pos, __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a character of C substring.
+ * @param __s String containing characters to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from.
+ * @param __n Number of characters from s to search for.
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for one of the
+ * first @a __n characters of @a __s within this string. If
+ * found, returns the index where it was found. If not found,
+ * returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_first_of(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a character of C string.
+ * @param __s String containing characters to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for one of the
+ * characters of @a __s within this string. If found, returns
+ * the index where it was found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_first_of(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos = 0) const
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->find_first_of(__s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a character.
+ * @param __c Character to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for the character
+ * @a __c within this string. If found, returns the index
+ * where it was found. If not found, returns npos.
+ *
+ * Note: equivalent to find(__c, __pos).
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_first_of(_CharT __c, size_type __pos = 0) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->find(__c, __pos); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a character of string.
+ * @param __str String containing characters to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from (default end).
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for one of the
+ * characters of @a __str within this string. If found,
+ * returns the index where it was found. If not found, returns
+ * npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_last_of(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = npos) const
+ _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->find_last_of(__str.data(), __pos, __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a character of C substring.
+ * @param __s C string containing characters to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from.
+ * @param __n Number of characters from s to search for.
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for one of the
+ * first @a __n characters of @a __s within this string. If
+ * found, returns the index where it was found. If not found,
+ * returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_last_of(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos, size_type __n) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a character of C string.
+ * @param __s C string containing characters to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from (default end).
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for one of the
+ * characters of @a __s within this string. If found, returns
+ * the index where it was found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_last_of(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos = npos) const
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->find_last_of(__s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a character.
+ * @param __c Character to locate.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from (default end).
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for @a __c within
+ * this string. If found, returns the index where it was
+ * found. If not found, returns npos.
+ *
+ * Note: equivalent to rfind(__c, __pos).
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_last_of(_CharT __c, size_type __pos = npos) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->rfind(__c, __pos); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a character not in string.
+ * @param __str String containing characters to avoid.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for a character not contained
+ * in @a __str within this string. If found, returns the index where it
+ * was found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_first_not_of(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = 0) const
+ _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->find_first_not_of(__str.data(), __pos, __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a character not in C substring.
+ * @param __s C string containing characters to avoid.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from.
+ * @param __n Number of characters from __s to consider.
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for a character not
+ * contained in the first @a __n characters of @a __s within
+ * this string. If found, returns the index where it was
+ * found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_first_not_of(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos,
+ size_type __n) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a character not in C string.
+ * @param __s C string containing characters to avoid.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for a character not
+ * contained in @a __s within this string. If found, returns
+ * the index where it was found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_first_not_of(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos = 0) const
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->find_first_not_of(__s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find position of a different character.
+ * @param __c Character to avoid.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search from (default 0).
+ * @return Index of first occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches forward for a character
+ * other than @a __c within this string. If found, returns the
+ * index where it was found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_first_not_of(_CharT __c, size_type __pos = 0) const
+ _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a character not in string.
+ * @param __str String containing characters to avoid.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from (default end).
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for a character
+ * not contained in @a __str within this string. If found,
+ * returns the index where it was found. If not found, returns
+ * npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_last_not_of(const basic_string& __str, size_type __pos = npos) const
+ _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
+ { return this->find_last_not_of(__str.data(), __pos, __str.size()); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a character not in C substring.
+ * @param __s C string containing characters to avoid.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from.
+ * @param __n Number of characters from s to consider.
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for a character not
+ * contained in the first @a __n characters of @a __s within this string.
+ * If found, returns the index where it was found. If not found,
+ * returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_last_not_of(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos,
+ size_type __n) const;
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a character not in C string.
+ * @param __s C string containing characters to avoid.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from (default end).
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for a character
+ * not contained in @a __s within this string. If found,
+ * returns the index where it was found. If not found, returns
+ * npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_last_not_of(const _CharT* __s, size_type __pos = npos) const
+ {
+ __glibcxx_requires_string(__s);
+ return this->find_last_not_of(__s, __pos, traits_type::length(__s));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Find last position of a different character.
+ * @param __c Character to avoid.
+ * @param __pos Index of character to search back from (default end).
+ * @return Index of last occurrence.
+ *
+ * Starting from @a __pos, searches backward for a character other than
+ * @a __c within this string. If found, returns the index where it was
+ * found. If not found, returns npos.
+ */
+ size_type
+ find_last_not_of(_CharT __c, size_type __pos = npos) const
+ _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Get a substring.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character (default 0).
+ * @param __n Number of characters in substring (default remainder).
+ * @return The new string.
+ * @throw std::out_of_range If __pos > size().
+ *
+ * Construct and return a new string using the @a __n
+ * characters starting at @a __pos. If the string is too
+ * short, use the remainder of the characters. If @a __pos is
+ * beyond the end of the string, out_of_range is thrown.
+ */
+ basic_string
+ substr(size_type __pos = 0, size_type __n = npos) const
+ { return basic_string(*this,
+ _M_check(__pos, "basic_string::substr"), __n); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Compare to a string.
+ * @param __str String to compare against.
+ * @return Integer < 0, 0, or > 0.
+ *
+ * Returns an integer < 0 if this string is ordered before @a
+ * __str, 0 if their values are equivalent, or > 0 if this
+ * string is ordered after @a __str. Determines the effective
+ * length rlen of the strings to compare as the smallest of
+ * size() and str.size(). The function then compares the two
+ * strings by calling traits::compare(data(), str.data(),rlen).
+ * If the result of the comparison is nonzero returns it,
+ * otherwise the shorter one is ordered first.
+ */
+ int
+ compare(const basic_string& __str) const
+ {
+ const size_type __size = this->size();
+ const size_type __osize = __str.size();
+ const size_type __len = std::min(__size, __osize);
+
+ int __r = traits_type::compare(_M_data(), __str.data(), __len);
+ if (!__r)
+ __r = _S_compare(__size, __osize);
+ return __r;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Compare substring to a string.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character of substring.
+ * @param __n Number of characters in substring.
+ * @param __str String to compare against.
+ * @return Integer < 0, 0, or > 0.
+ *
+ * Form the substring of this string from the @a __n characters
+ * starting at @a __pos. Returns an integer < 0 if the
+ * substring is ordered before @a __str, 0 if their values are
+ * equivalent, or > 0 if the substring is ordered after @a
+ * __str. Determines the effective length rlen of the strings
+ * to compare as the smallest of the length of the substring
+ * and @a __str.size(). The function then compares the two
+ * strings by calling
+ * traits::compare(substring.data(),str.data(),rlen). If the
+ * result of the comparison is nonzero returns it, otherwise
+ * the shorter one is ordered first.
+ */
+ int
+ compare(size_type __pos, size_type __n, const basic_string& __str) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Compare substring to a substring.
+ * @param __pos1 Index of first character of substring.
+ * @param __n1 Number of characters in substring.
+ * @param __str String to compare against.
+ * @param __pos2 Index of first character of substring of str.
+ * @param __n2 Number of characters in substring of str.
+ * @return Integer < 0, 0, or > 0.
+ *
+ * Form the substring of this string from the @a __n1
+ * characters starting at @a __pos1. Form the substring of @a
+ * __str from the @a __n2 characters starting at @a __pos2.
+ * Returns an integer < 0 if this substring is ordered before
+ * the substring of @a __str, 0 if their values are equivalent,
+ * or > 0 if this substring is ordered after the substring of
+ * @a __str. Determines the effective length rlen of the
+ * strings to compare as the smallest of the lengths of the
+ * substrings. The function then compares the two strings by
+ * calling
+ * traits::compare(substring.data(),str.substr(pos2,n2).data(),rlen).
+ * If the result of the comparison is nonzero returns it,
+ * otherwise the shorter one is ordered first.
+ */
+ int
+ compare(size_type __pos1, size_type __n1, const basic_string& __str,
+ size_type __pos2, size_type __n2) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Compare to a C string.
+ * @param __s C string to compare against.
+ * @return Integer < 0, 0, or > 0.
+ *
+ * Returns an integer < 0 if this string is ordered before @a __s, 0 if
+ * their values are equivalent, or > 0 if this string is ordered after
+ * @a __s. Determines the effective length rlen of the strings to
+ * compare as the smallest of size() and the length of a string
+ * constructed from @a __s. The function then compares the two strings
+ * by calling traits::compare(data(),s,rlen). If the result of the
+ * comparison is nonzero returns it, otherwise the shorter one is
+ * ordered first.
+ */
+ int
+ compare(const _CharT* __s) const;
+
+ // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
+ // 5 String::compare specification questionable
+ /**
+ * @brief Compare substring to a C string.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character of substring.
+ * @param __n1 Number of characters in substring.
+ * @param __s C string to compare against.
+ * @return Integer < 0, 0, or > 0.
+ *
+ * Form the substring of this string from the @a __n1
+ * characters starting at @a pos. Returns an integer < 0 if
+ * the substring is ordered before @a __s, 0 if their values
+ * are equivalent, or > 0 if the substring is ordered after @a
+ * __s. Determines the effective length rlen of the strings to
+ * compare as the smallest of the length of the substring and
+ * the length of a string constructed from @a __s. The
+ * function then compares the two string by calling
+ * traits::compare(substring.data(),__s,rlen). If the result of
+ * the comparison is nonzero returns it, otherwise the shorter
+ * one is ordered first.
+ */
+ int
+ compare(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, const _CharT* __s) const;
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Compare substring against a character %array.
+ * @param __pos Index of first character of substring.
+ * @param __n1 Number of characters in substring.
+ * @param __s character %array to compare against.
+ * @param __n2 Number of characters of s.
+ * @return Integer < 0, 0, or > 0.
+ *
+ * Form the substring of this string from the @a __n1
+ * characters starting at @a __pos. Form a string from the
+ * first @a __n2 characters of @a __s. Returns an integer < 0
+ * if this substring is ordered before the string from @a __s,
+ * 0 if their values are equivalent, or > 0 if this substring
+ * is ordered after the string from @a __s. Determines the
+ * effective length rlen of the strings to compare as the
+ * smallest of the length of the substring and @a __n2. The
+ * function then compares the two strings by calling
+ * traits::compare(substring.data(),s,rlen). If the result of
+ * the comparison is nonzero returns it, otherwise the shorter
+ * one is ordered first.
+ *
+ * NB: s must have at least n2 characters, '\\0' has
+ * no special meaning.
+ */
+ int
+ compare(size_type __pos, size_type __n1, const _CharT* __s,
+ size_type __n2) const;
+ };
+
+ // operator+
+ /**
+ * @brief Concatenate two strings.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Last string.
+ * @return New string with value of @a __lhs followed by @a __rhs.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ {
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc> __str(__lhs);
+ __str.append(__rhs);
+ return __str;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Concatenate C string and string.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Last string.
+ * @return New string with value of @a __lhs followed by @a __rhs.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Alloc>
+ operator+(const _CharT* __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Alloc>& __rhs);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Concatenate character and string.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Last string.
+ * @return New string with @a __lhs followed by @a __rhs.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Alloc>
+ operator+(_CharT __lhs, const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Alloc>& __rhs);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Concatenate string and C string.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Last string.
+ * @return New string with @a __lhs followed by @a __rhs.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const _CharT* __rhs)
+ {
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc> __str(__lhs);
+ __str.append(__rhs);
+ return __str;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Concatenate string and character.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Last string.
+ * @return New string with @a __lhs followed by @a __rhs.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs, _CharT __rhs)
+ {
+ typedef basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc> __string_type;
+ typedef typename __string_type::size_type __size_type;
+ __string_type __str(__lhs);
+ __str.append(__size_type(1), __rhs);
+ return __str;
+ }
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return std::move(__lhs.append(__rhs)); }
+
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&& __rhs)
+ { return std::move(__rhs.insert(0, __lhs)); }
+
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&& __lhs,
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&& __rhs)
+ {
+ const auto __size = __lhs.size() + __rhs.size();
+ const bool __cond = (__size > __lhs.capacity()
+ && __size <= __rhs.capacity());
+ return __cond ? std::move(__rhs.insert(0, __lhs))
+ : std::move(__lhs.append(__rhs));
+ }
+
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(const _CharT* __lhs,
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&& __rhs)
+ { return std::move(__rhs.insert(0, __lhs)); }
+
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(_CharT __lhs,
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&& __rhs)
+ { return std::move(__rhs.insert(0, 1, __lhs)); }
+
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&& __lhs,
+ const _CharT* __rhs)
+ { return std::move(__lhs.append(__rhs)); }
+
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
+ operator+(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&& __lhs,
+ _CharT __rhs)
+ { return std::move(__lhs.append(1, __rhs)); }
+#endif
+
+ // operator ==
+ /**
+ * @brief Test equivalence of two strings.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Second string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs.compare(@a __rhs) == 0. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator==(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) == 0; }
+
+ template<typename _CharT>
+ inline
+ typename __gnu_cxx::__enable_if<__is_char<_CharT>::__value, bool>::__type
+ operator==(const basic_string<_CharT>& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT>& __rhs)
+ { return (__lhs.size() == __rhs.size()
+ && !std::char_traits<_CharT>::compare(__lhs.data(), __rhs.data(),
+ __lhs.size())); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test equivalence of C string and string.
+ * @param __lhs C string.
+ * @param __rhs String.
+ * @return True if @a __rhs.compare(@a __lhs) == 0. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator==(const _CharT* __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __rhs.compare(__lhs) == 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test equivalence of string and C string.
+ * @param __lhs String.
+ * @param __rhs C string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs.compare(@a __rhs) == 0. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator==(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const _CharT* __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) == 0; }
+
+ // operator !=
+ /**
+ * @brief Test difference of two strings.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Second string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs.compare(@a __rhs) != 0. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator!=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return !(__lhs == __rhs); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test difference of C string and string.
+ * @param __lhs C string.
+ * @param __rhs String.
+ * @return True if @a __rhs.compare(@a __lhs) != 0. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator!=(const _CharT* __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return !(__lhs == __rhs); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test difference of string and C string.
+ * @param __lhs String.
+ * @param __rhs C string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs.compare(@a __rhs) != 0. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator!=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const _CharT* __rhs)
+ { return !(__lhs == __rhs); }
+
+ // operator <
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if string precedes string.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Second string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs precedes @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator<(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) < 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if string precedes C string.
+ * @param __lhs String.
+ * @param __rhs C string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs precedes @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator<(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const _CharT* __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) < 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if C string precedes string.
+ * @param __lhs C string.
+ * @param __rhs String.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs precedes @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator<(const _CharT* __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __rhs.compare(__lhs) > 0; }
+
+ // operator >
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if string follows string.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Second string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs follows @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator>(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) > 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if string follows C string.
+ * @param __lhs String.
+ * @param __rhs C string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs follows @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator>(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const _CharT* __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) > 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if C string follows string.
+ * @param __lhs C string.
+ * @param __rhs String.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs follows @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator>(const _CharT* __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __rhs.compare(__lhs) < 0; }
+
+ // operator <=
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if string doesn't follow string.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Second string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs doesn't follow @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator<=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) <= 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if string doesn't follow C string.
+ * @param __lhs String.
+ * @param __rhs C string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs doesn't follow @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator<=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const _CharT* __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) <= 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if C string doesn't follow string.
+ * @param __lhs C string.
+ * @param __rhs String.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs doesn't follow @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator<=(const _CharT* __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __rhs.compare(__lhs) >= 0; }
+
+ // operator >=
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if string doesn't precede string.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Second string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs doesn't precede @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator>=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) >= 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if string doesn't precede C string.
+ * @param __lhs String.
+ * @param __rhs C string.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs doesn't precede @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator>=(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ const _CharT* __rhs)
+ { return __lhs.compare(__rhs) >= 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Test if C string doesn't precede string.
+ * @param __lhs C string.
+ * @param __rhs String.
+ * @return True if @a __lhs doesn't precede @a __rhs. False otherwise.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline bool
+ operator>=(const _CharT* __lhs,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { return __rhs.compare(__lhs) <= 0; }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Swap contents of two strings.
+ * @param __lhs First string.
+ * @param __rhs Second string.
+ *
+ * Exchanges the contents of @a __lhs and @a __rhs in constant time.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline void
+ swap(basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs)
+ { __lhs.swap(__rhs); }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Read stream into a string.
+ * @param __is Input stream.
+ * @param __str Buffer to store into.
+ * @return Reference to the input stream.
+ *
+ * Stores characters from @a __is into @a __str until whitespace is
+ * found, the end of the stream is encountered, or str.max_size()
+ * is reached. If is.width() is non-zero, that is the limit on the
+ * number of characters stored into @a __str. Any previous
+ * contents of @a __str are erased.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
+ operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __str);
+
+ template<>
+ basic_istream<char>&
+ operator>>(basic_istream<char>& __is, basic_string<char>& __str);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Write string to a stream.
+ * @param __os Output stream.
+ * @param __str String to write out.
+ * @return Reference to the output stream.
+ *
+ * Output characters of @a __str into os following the same rules as for
+ * writing a C string.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
+ operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
+ const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __str)
+ {
+ // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
+ // 586. string inserter not a formatted function
+ return __ostream_insert(__os, __str.data(), __str.size());
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Read a line from stream into a string.
+ * @param __is Input stream.
+ * @param __str Buffer to store into.
+ * @param __delim Character marking end of line.
+ * @return Reference to the input stream.
+ *
+ * Stores characters from @a __is into @a __str until @a __delim is
+ * found, the end of the stream is encountered, or str.max_size()
+ * is reached. Any previous contents of @a __str are erased. If
+ * @a __delim is encountered, it is extracted but not stored into
+ * @a __str.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
+ getline(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __str, _CharT __delim);
+
+ /**
+ * @brief Read a line from stream into a string.
+ * @param __is Input stream.
+ * @param __str Buffer to store into.
+ * @return Reference to the input stream.
+ *
+ * Stores characters from is into @a __str until '\n' is
+ * found, the end of the stream is encountered, or str.max_size()
+ * is reached. Any previous contents of @a __str are erased. If
+ * end of line is encountered, it is extracted but not stored into
+ * @a __str.
+ */
+ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
+ inline basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
+ getline(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
+ basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __str)
+ { return getline(__is, __str, __is.widen('\n')); }
+
+ template<>
+ basic_istream<char>&
+ getline(basic_istream<char>& __in, basic_string<char>& __str,
+ char __delim);
+
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
+ template<>
+ basic_istream<wchar_t>&
+ getline(basic_istream<wchar_t>& __in, basic_string<wchar_t>& __str,
+ wchar_t __delim);
+#endif
+
+_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
+} // namespace
+
+#if (defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__) && defined(_GLIBCXX_USE_C99) \
+ && !defined(_GLIBCXX_HAVE_BROKEN_VSWPRINTF))
+
+#include <ext/string_conversions.h>
+
+namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
+{
+_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
+
+ // 21.4 Numeric Conversions [string.conversions].
+ inline int
+ stoi(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa<long, int>(&std::strtol, "stoi", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ inline long
+ stol(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::strtol, "stol", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ inline unsigned long
+ stoul(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::strtoul, "stoul", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ inline long long
+ stoll(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::strtoll, "stoll", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ inline unsigned long long
+ stoull(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::strtoull, "stoull", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ // NB: strtof vs strtod.
+ inline float
+ stof(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::strtof, "stof", __str.c_str(), __idx); }
+
+ inline double
+ stod(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::strtod, "stod", __str.c_str(), __idx); }
+
+ inline long double
+ stold(const string& __str, size_t* __idx = 0)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::strtold, "stold", __str.c_str(), __idx); }
+
+ // NB: (v)snprintf vs sprintf.
+
+ // DR 1261.
+ inline string
+ to_string(int __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf, 4 * sizeof(int),
+ "%d", __val); }
+
+ inline string
+ to_string(unsigned __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf,
+ 4 * sizeof(unsigned),
+ "%u", __val); }
+
+ inline string
+ to_string(long __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf, 4 * sizeof(long),
+ "%ld", __val); }
+
+ inline string
+ to_string(unsigned long __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf,
+ 4 * sizeof(unsigned long),
+ "%lu", __val); }
+
+ inline string
+ to_string(long long __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf,
+ 4 * sizeof(long long),
+ "%lld", __val); }
+
+ inline string
+ to_string(unsigned long long __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf,
+ 4 * sizeof(unsigned long long),
+ "%llu", __val); }
+
+ inline string
+ to_string(float __val)
+ {
+ const int __n =
+ __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<float>::__max_exponent10 + 20;
+ return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf, __n,
+ "%f", __val);
+ }
+
+ inline string
+ to_string(double __val)
+ {
+ const int __n =
+ __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<double>::__max_exponent10 + 20;
+ return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf, __n,
+ "%f", __val);
+ }
+
+ inline string
+ to_string(long double __val)
+ {
+ const int __n =
+ __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<long double>::__max_exponent10 + 20;
+ return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<string>(&std::vsnprintf, __n,
+ "%Lf", __val);
+ }
+
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
+ inline int
+ stoi(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa<long, int>(&std::wcstol, "stoi", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ inline long
+ stol(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::wcstol, "stol", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ inline unsigned long
+ stoul(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::wcstoul, "stoul", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ inline long long
+ stoll(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::wcstoll, "stoll", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ inline unsigned long long
+ stoull(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0, int __base = 10)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::wcstoull, "stoull", __str.c_str(),
+ __idx, __base); }
+
+ // NB: wcstof vs wcstod.
+ inline float
+ stof(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::wcstof, "stof", __str.c_str(), __idx); }
+
+ inline double
+ stod(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::wcstod, "stod", __str.c_str(), __idx); }
+
+ inline long double
+ stold(const wstring& __str, size_t* __idx = 0)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__stoa(&std::wcstold, "stold", __str.c_str(), __idx); }
+
+ // DR 1261.
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(int __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf, 4 * sizeof(int),
+ L"%d", __val); }
+
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(unsigned __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf,
+ 4 * sizeof(unsigned),
+ L"%u", __val); }
+
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(long __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf, 4 * sizeof(long),
+ L"%ld", __val); }
+
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(unsigned long __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf,
+ 4 * sizeof(unsigned long),
+ L"%lu", __val); }
+
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(long long __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf,
+ 4 * sizeof(long long),
+ L"%lld", __val); }
+
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(unsigned long long __val)
+ { return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf,
+ 4 * sizeof(unsigned long long),
+ L"%llu", __val); }
+
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(float __val)
+ {
+ const int __n =
+ __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<float>::__max_exponent10 + 20;
+ return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf, __n,
+ L"%f", __val);
+ }
+
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(double __val)
+ {
+ const int __n =
+ __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<double>::__max_exponent10 + 20;
+ return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf, __n,
+ L"%f", __val);
+ }
+
+ inline wstring
+ to_wstring(long double __val)
+ {
+ const int __n =
+ __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<long double>::__max_exponent10 + 20;
+ return __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<wstring>(&std::vswprintf, __n,
+ L"%Lf", __val);
+ }
+#endif
+
+_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
+} // namespace
+
+#endif /* __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__ && _GLIBCXX_USE_C99 ... */
+
+#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
+
+#include <bits/functional_hash.h>
+
+namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
+{
+_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
+
+ // DR 1182.
+
+#ifndef _GLIBCXX_COMPATIBILITY_CXX0X
+ /// std::hash specialization for string.
+ template<>
+ struct hash<string>
+ : public __hash_base<size_t, string>
+ {
+ size_t
+ operator()(const string& __s) const noexcept
+ { return std::_Hash_impl::hash(__s.data(), __s.length()); }
+ };
+
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
+ /// std::hash specialization for wstring.
+ template<>
+ struct hash<wstring>
+ : public __hash_base<size_t, wstring>
+ {
+ size_t
+ operator()(const wstring& __s) const noexcept
+ { return std::_Hash_impl::hash(__s.data(),
+ __s.length() * sizeof(wchar_t)); }
+ };
+#endif
+#endif /* _GLIBCXX_COMPATIBILITY_CXX0X */
+
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_STDINT_TR1
+ /// std::hash specialization for u16string.
+ template<>
+ struct hash<u16string>
+ : public __hash_base<size_t, u16string>
+ {
+ size_t
+ operator()(const u16string& __s) const noexcept
+ { return std::_Hash_impl::hash(__s.data(),
+ __s.length() * sizeof(char16_t)); }
+ };
+
+ /// std::hash specialization for u32string.
+ template<>
+ struct hash<u32string>
+ : public __hash_base<size_t, u32string>
+ {
+ size_t
+ operator()(const u32string& __s) const noexcept
+ { return std::_Hash_impl::hash(__s.data(),
+ __s.length() * sizeof(char32_t)); }
+ };
+#endif
+
+_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
+} // namespace
+
+#endif /* __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__ */
+
+#endif /* _BASIC_STRING_H */
projects / cross.git / blobdiff